Dual-purpose companies

Extracted Attributes

• Core Concept

  Leveraging commercial innovation and capabilities for defense applications.

• Economic Model

  Challenging the Department of Defense monopsony and traditional cost-plus accounting.

• Key Technologies

  Artificial Intelligence (AI), software-defined hardware, and autonomous drones.

• Operational Strategy

  Some entities, like LiveWire, utilize dual headquarters (e.g., Milwaukee, WI and Mountain View, CA) to bridge industrial and tech hubs.

• Strategic Objectives

  National re-industrialization, supply chain security, and maintaining deterrence.

Timeline

• World War II begins, serving as a historical reference for the necessity of a robust industrial base. (Source: Document e9c5c429-1fba-4cb9-bb3d-c76940278f2d)

  1939-09-01

• Ash Carter advances the Third Offset Strategy to maintain US military superiority through technological innovation. (Source: Document e9c5c429-1fba-4cb9-bb3d-c76940278f2d)

  2014-11-01

• Project Maven is established to integrate AI and machine learning into Department of Defense operations. (Source: Document e9c5c429-1fba-4cb9-bb3d-c76940278f2d)

  2017-04-01

• LiveWire is launched as a dedicated electric vehicle division for Harley Davidson, later operating with dual headquarters. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2021-07-01

• The Ukraine War begins, highlighting the modern importance of commercial tech like drones in active conflict. (Source: Document e9c5c429-1fba-4cb9-bb3d-c76940278f2d)

  2022-02-24

• LiveWire goes public via a SPAC merger, becoming the first publicly traded electric motorcycle company in the US. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2022-09-27

• Anduril develops 'Arsenal One' to mass-produce software-defined hardware and autonomous systems. (Source: Document e9c5c429-1fba-4cb9-bb3d-c76940278f2d)

  2024-01-01

LiveWire (company)

LiveWire is an American electric motorcycle manufacturer. It was initially launched as a dedicated electric vehicle (EV) division for Harley Davidson in July 2021. The company was spun-off from its parent and went public on September 27, 2022, via merger with a special-purpose acquisition company (SPAC). It was the first publicly traded electric motorcycle company in the United States. The company operates dual headquarters at Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Mountain View, California.

Web Search Results

• [PDF] Dual Class Companies List

  rights that create a wedge between ownership and voting interests.1 Publicly listed foreign private issuers and special purpose acquisition companies are excluded from the list. This list derives from CII analysis of SEC filings. For each class of common stock with super-voting rights, the wedge is calculated as that class’s percentage of total voting rights minus that class’s percentage of total outstanding equity.2 The wedge quantifies the degree of misalignment between voting and economic interests created by the dual-class structure, which can exacerbate classical principal-agent risks. A wedge of 100%, for example, would mean that the super-voting class of shares controls all of the voting power while representing none of the equity interest in a company. Download CII’s spreadsheet [...] Updated August 2021 1 Companies that use Up-C structures with two classes of outstanding shares but have no wedge between voting and equity interests are excluded here. Examples include: Empire State Realty Trust, Evercore Partners, Interactive Brokers Group, Malibu Boats, PBF Energy, PennyMac Financial Services, PJT Partners, RE/MAX, The Habit Restaurants, Virtu Financial, and Worldpay. 2 In many dual-class companies, insiders may own both super-voting shares and inferior-voting shares, making their personal wedge differ from the class wedge. Dual Class Companies List The following US-incorporated companies have at least $200 million in market capitalization, at least two outstanding classes of common stock, and unequal voting rights that create a wedge between ownership and voting [...] equity interest in a company. Download CII’s spreadsheet of all dual class companies here.

• [PDF] Operating In Two Worlds: Tandem Structures In Social Enterprise

  purpose) that are housed in a for profit C corporation are not generally at-tributable to charities that hold stock in the corpo-ration, and thus should not threaten the charity’s exemption. In contrast, where a charity holds eq-uity in, and participates in the management of, a pass-through for profit, the IRS may view the char-ity as participating to some extent in the activities of that for profit. (The activities of an LLC treated as a partnership are considered to be the activities of the nonprofit member when evaluating whether the nonprofit is operated exclusively for exempt purposes). Rev. Rul. 98-15, 1998-1 C.B. 718. If the pass-through entity is carrying out unrelated activi-ties, those activities may be partially attributed to the charity. If the activities attributed to the [...] from hybrid entities, such as a low-profit limited li-ability company (L3C) or benefit corporation, that display nonprofit and for profit characteristics with-in one legal entity.) For example, a nonprofit entity that operates businesses (bakery, restaurant, cater-ing, moving, computer repairs) to provide educa-tion and job training to certain populations might establish a for profit entity to house a very similar business that can provide jobs to graduates from the nonprofit program. As another example, a variety of for profit service providers (such as web design and publicity, fundraising, educational consultants, psychotherapists) have been involved in establishing charitable entities to provide similar services on a subsidized basis to other charities or particular dis-advantaged [...] thus appoints the for profit’s directors. On the nonprofit side, it is legally possible for the founder to act as member or designator with the right to appoint all or a majority of the nonprofit’s govern-ing board. On the other hand, a typical nonprofit governance structure is to have directors elect their own successors. The nonprofit’s bylaws can also permit a combination of these options. Either en-tity’s bylaws could also require a certain amount of overlap between the two boards. Having control through appointment power and/or overlapping boards ensures that the two entities will stay aligned in their parallel missions. However, there are several reasons to avoid 100 percent control and overlap between the two entities. Focus On Charitable Purpose As mentioned above, a charity needs

• The History of Purpose-Driven Companies

  More so, COVID-19 further reminded us how deeply interdependent our world is and how businesses are potential agents for systemic change. Business people will not only pursue more profit but also find answers to social and environmental problems. The new wave of social entrepreneurs is impregnating innovative business models with both profitability and purpose, positioning them as two peas in a pod but not mutually exclusive. ## The Future of Business: Why Purpose Matters Purpose-driven business is a morally compelling and strategic venture. For a company putting purpose at the heart of their operations, they have a much better chance of building stronger brand loyalty, attracting and keeping the best talent, and realising long-term growth. [...] ### Innovation Social and environmental purposes make people develop inventive ideas and innovations. Purpose-driven companies are often the market leader in developing new types of products, services, and business models, which will contribute to problem-solving and differentiation in the market. ### Long-term sustainability Purpose-led businesses provide the solution to current social and environmental issues, contributing to long-term global sustainability. This holistic view zeroes in on the resilience and adaptability of businesses to succeed in a fast-changing world. A positive social impact other than the benefits for the company is drawn from the creation of a positive difference in the communities and the environment. [...] This is the era of a purpose-driven business, with shining examples such as TOMS, Thankyou Australia, and Patagonia, among others. It no longer hides in the shadows, where one wonders if a company can do a smooth commercial operation while at the same time giving back to and being responsible toward society and the environment. It is not only a trend pushed by consumer demand but also by entrepreneurial innovation and urgency in the face of substantial global challenges; this is the future of doing business. This brings out the apparent fact that business is going to play a role in the creation of a more sustainable and fair world. Making purpose the core of business practice will bring about successful companies that will lead from the front in being the source of good change - that is

• Exploring Social Purpose Business Structures - Farm Commons

  Any company can have a social purpose, but problems can arise when a company wants to put that social purpose above making profits. The most common business entities—corporations and Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)—are not structured to fully incorporate social purposes. Corporations value profits above all else. Courts protect corporate shareholders’ investments with case law enshrining profit maximization as the business’s ultimate and most important purpose. [...] | PURPOSE Oregon’s Benefit Company statute applies to either a corporation or a limited liability company. In addition to its founding purpose, the company claiming benefit status must have the purpose of providing a general public benefit. The statute defines this as the business and operations of the company having a material positive impact on society and the environment. Oregonian Benefit Companies can also identify a specific public benefit that aligns with their mission. The Oregon law uses the term “governors” in place of the typical corporate language of “directors.” Thus, a benefit company in Oregon would be run by a board of governors. These governors are required to consider all of the following when making decisions: 1. The shareholders or members of the company, 2. [...] It’s important to note that the alternative options to nonprofits do NOT have the same tax advantages that 501(c)(3) nonprofits do, but they may be taxed differently, so taxation might also be a deciding factor. Other considerations will be your state’s statutory framework for any of these alternatives. Not all states have statutes enacting all the alternative options described below. ## Benefit Corporations Benefit corporations expressly allow company owners to establish a social or environmental purpose in addition to making profits. These businesses pursue a triple bottom line: people, planet, and profits. The social or environmental purpose of the entity is as important as the goal of making profits. ### What Distinguishes a Benefit Corporation?

• What It Really Takes to Do Well and Do Good at the Same Time

  ## Explore HBR ## Popular Topics ## For Subscribers ## My Account # The Dual-Purpose Playbook What it takes to do well and do good at the same time by Julie Battilana, Anne-Claire Pache, Metin Sengul and Marissa Kimsey ## Summary.