Inference

Extracted Attributes

• Etymology

  From the Latin meaning "to carry forward"

• AI Definition

  The process of running live data through a trained model to make a prediction or solve a task

• Primary Types

  Deduction, Induction, Abduction

• Fields of Study

  Logic, Argumentation Studies, Cognitive Psychology, Artificial Intelligence, Statistics

• Statistical Basis

  Drawing conclusions in the presence of uncertainty using quantitative or qualitative data

• Hardware Optimization

  Language Processing Units (LPUs) for speed and cost-effectiveness

Timeline

• Aristotle establishes the distinction between deduction and induction in logical reasoning. (Source: Wikipedia)

  0300-01-01

• Charles Sanders Peirce distinguishes abduction as a third type of inference distinct from induction. (Source: Wikipedia)

  1860-01-01

• Groq's LPU breakthrough is highlighted for its superior performance in AI inference compared to traditional GPUs. (Source: Document 8c2a6394-2e1a-4643-b0e1-4672f1df9a79)

  2024-02-23

• Google Gemini's inference processes are criticized for producing historically inaccurate images, labeled as 'Woke AI'. (Source: Document 8c2a6394-2e1a-4643-b0e1-4672f1df9a79)

  2024-02-23

Inference

Inferences are steps in logical reasoning, moving from premises to logical consequences; etymologically, the word infer means to "carry forward". Inference is theoretically traditionally divided into deduction and induction, a distinction that dates at least to Aristotle (300s BC). Deduction is inference deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true, with the laws of valid inference being studied in logic. Induction is inference from particular evidence to a universal conclusion. A third type of inference is sometimes distinguished, notably by Charles Sanders Peirce, contradistinguishing abduction from induction. Various fields study how inference is done in practice. Human inference (i.e. how humans draw conclusions) is traditionally studied within the fields of logic, argumentation studies, and cognitive psychology; artificial intelligence researchers develop automated inference systems to emulate human inference. Statistical inference uses mathematics to draw conclusions in the presence of uncertainty. This generalizes deterministic reasoning, with the absence of uncertainty as a special case. Statistical inference uses quantitative or qualitative (categorical) data which may be subject to random variations.

Web Search Results

• inference | Wex | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute

  Inference is a rule of logic that is normally used for evidencebased on established facts, or proven fact, during a judicial proceeding. Inference is functions, when a fact is elucidated, or "proved" by examining other established facts that then, lead to a reasonable conclusion of another fact. A simplistic example would be if A and B are true, then C must be true. The process is that is used during an inference is known as a "deduction" or "deductive reasoning" and is a persuasive form of

• What is inference?

  Inference may be defined as the process of drawing conclusions based on evidence and reasoning. It lies at the heart of the scientific method, for it covers the principles and methods by which we use data to learn about observable phenomena. This invariably takes place via models. Much of science is model-based, meaning that we construct a model of some phenomenon and use it to make predictions of the data we expect to observe under certain conditions. By comparing predictions with the actual [...] data, we can determine how well the model explains the data and hence the phenomenon. This may lead us to reject entirely some models, to improve (and then reassess) others, and perhaps finally to declare one as the "best" model (so far). Models are constructed using accepted theoretical principles, prior knowledge and expert judgement. Inference is the process by which we compare the models to the data. This normally involves casting the model mathematically and using the principles of [...] Inference can typically be divided into two parts: model fitting and model comparison. In one flavour of the geocentric model, the planets move on regular circular orbits with the Sun at the center. Several parameters describe the motion of each planet (radius, period, inclination, phase). Model fitting is the process by which the values of these parameters are determined from a set of observational data. As all data are noisy to a greater or lesser degree, this involves uncertainty, and this

• What is AI inferencing? - IBM Research

  4 minute read # What is AI inferencing? Inference is the process of running live data through a trained AI model to make a prediction or solve a task. Inference is an AI model’s moment of truth, a test of how well it can apply information learned during training to make a prediction or solve a task. Can it accurately flag incoming email as spam, transcribe a conversation, or summarize a report? [...] During inference, an AI model goes to work on real-time data, comparing the user’s query with information processed during training and stored in its weights, or parameters. The response that the model comes back with depends on the task, whether that’s identifying spam, converting speech to text, or distilling a long document into key takeaways. The goal of AI inference is to calculate and output an actionable result.

• Inferences - The Decision Lab

  Inferences are steps in reasoning. They connect premises — which are propositions upon which an argument is based — with consequences.1 Humans are able to make inferences based on our conceptual knowledge and schemas, cognitive frameworks that organize information and provide shortcuts when interpreting information. Inferential logic is commonly done through one of two ways:

• Foundations of Inference - Statistics & Data Science

  Alternatively, inference may be defined as the non-logical, but rational means, through observation of patterns of facts, to indirectly see new meanings and contexts for understanding. Of particular use to this application of inference are anomalies and symbols. Inference, in this sense, does not draw conclusions but opens new paths for inquiry. (See second set of Examples.) In this definition of inference, there are two types of inference: inductive inference and deductive inference. Unlike [...] Carnegie Mellon University Statistics & Data Science ## Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences › Statistics & Data Science › Research › Foundations of Inference # Foundations of Inference Inference is the act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true. The conclusion drawn is also called an idiomatic. The laws of valid inference are studied in the field of logic. [...] Human inference (i.e. how humans draw conclusions) is traditionally studied within the field of cognitive psychology; artificial intelligence researchers develop automated inference systems to emulate human inference.

• Instance Of

  Q482994