New Limit

Extracted Attributes

• Focus

  Epigenetic reprogramming, Cellular switches, Healthspan extension

• Founded

  2021-12-11

• Funding

  $130 million (Series B)

• Founders

  Brian Armstrong, Blake Byers

• Industry

  Biotechnology / Longevity

• Headquarters

  South San Francisco, California, USA

• Key Technology

  Ambrosia (AI discovery engine)

• Primary Target

  Alcohol-related liver disease

Timeline

• New Limit is officially announced and founded by Brian Armstrong and Blake Byers with the goal of extending human healthspan. (Source: Web search result: July // August 2025 Progress Update)

  2021-12-11

• New Limit raises $130 million in Series B funding led by Kleiner Perkins to advance its liver reprogramming medicines. (Source: Web search result: NewLimit raises $130M to push liver mRNA med into clinic)

  2023-05-16

• The company reports progress on its Metabolism program, focusing on restoring hepatocyte function and upgrading RNA medicine prototypes to clinical-grade lipid chemistries. (Source: Web search result: July // August 2025 Progress Update)

  2025-07-01

• New Limit highlights the performance of its 'Ambrosia' system, which increases the rate of biological discovery by more than 2X. (Source: Web search result: January // February 2026 Progress Update)

  2026-01-01

Central limit theorem

In probability theory, the central limit theorem (CLT) states that, under appropriate conditions, the distribution of a normalized version of the sample mean converges to a standard normal distribution. This holds even if the original variables themselves are not normally distributed. There are several versions of the CLT, each applying in the context of different conditions. The theorem is a key concept in probability theory because it implies that probabilistic and statistical methods that work for normal distributions can be applicable to many problems involving other types of distributions. This theorem has seen many changes during the formal development of probability theory. Previous versions of the theorem date back to 1811, but in its modern form it was only precisely stated in the 1920s. In statistics, the CLT can be stated as: let X 1 , X 2 , … , X n {\displaystyle X_{1},X_{2},\dots ,X_{n}} denote a statistical sample of size n {\displaystyle n} from a population with expected value (average) μ {\displaystyle \mu } and finite positive variance σ 2 {\displaystyle \sigma ^{2}} , and let X ¯ n {\displaystyle {\bar {X}}_{n}} denote the sample mean (which is itself a random variable). Then the limit as n → ∞ {\displaystyle n\to \infty } of the distribution of ( X ¯ n − μ ) n {\displaystyle ({\bar {X}}_{n}-\mu ){\sqrt {n}}} is a normal distribution with mean 0 {\displaystyle 0} and variance σ 2 {\displaystyle \sigma ^{2}} . In other words, suppose that a large sample of observations is obtained, each observation being randomly produced in a way that does not depend on the values of the other observations, and the average (arithmetic mean) of the observed values is computed. If this procedure is performed many times, resulting in a collection of observed averages, the central limit theorem says that if the sample size is large enough, the probability distribution of these averages will closely approximate a normal distribution. The central limit theorem has several variants. In its common form, the random variables must be independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). This requirement can be weakened; convergence of the mean to the normal distribution also occurs for non-identical distributions or for non-independent observations if they comply with certain conditions. The earliest version of this theorem, that the normal distribution may be used as an approximation to the binomial distribution, is the de Moivre–Laplace theorem.

Web Search Results

• NewLimit - LinkedIn

  San Francisco, California. Apply today or share this post with your network. [Likes: 22, Comments: 0]; NewLimit (2mo): We're #hiring a new Senior Research Associate, Single Cell Technology in South San Francisco, California. Apply today or share this post with your network. [Likes: 32, Comments: 0]; Jacob Kimmel (2mo): It was great to chat with Eric Dai & Daniel Shur a few months back! [Likes: 48, Comments: 1] [...] ## Media - Images: - Logo: Company Logo [...] NewLimit (3w): We're #hiring a new Computational Biologist in South San Francisco, California. Apply today or share this post with your network. [Likes: 38, Comments: 2]; Josh Coyne (1mo): New episode out! We sat down with Jacob Kimmel ( NewLimit ) and Laura Deming ( Until ) to talk about the future of biology and drug discovery. We discuss "virtual cells", how to pause and even reverse aging, and where AI can speed up drug development. Enjoy! Watch: [Likes: 81, Comments: 3]; NewLimit (1mo): We're #hiring a new Director, Operations in South San Francisco, California. Apply today or share this post with your network. [Likes: 30, Comments: 0]; NewLimit (1mo): We're #hiring a new Scientist/Senior Scientist, Immunology in South San Francisco, California. Apply today or share this post with

• July // August 2025 Progress Update - NewLimit Blog

  # Selecting for resilience NewLimit’s Discovery Engine screens measure both _phenotypes_ and _functions_ of old cells treated with reprogramming interventions. Our _phenotypic_ screens ask whether reprogramming makes an old cell _look like_ a young cell, whereas our functional screens ask whether reprogramming makes an old cell _act like_ a young cell. For our Metabolism program focused on restoring hepatocyte function, we’ve historically measured the regenerative capacity of human hepatocytes in a humanized liver as our main functional read-out. [...] # Constructing therapeutic molecules NewLimit has been building prototype RNA medicines in our Metabolism program for nearly a year. Our earliest prototypes used lipid and RNA molecules that are effective for work in animal models, but preparing for human trials requires an even higher quality and performance standard. We spent the past few months upgrading our early prototypes to use clinical-grade lipid chemistries. We initially encountered performance challenges when we simply swapped in the new chemistry for the old without iterating on our manufacturing methods. Our team took these challenges in stride and performed an optimization campaign that eventually achieved _superior_ delivery efficiency to our prior prototypes. Image 4 [...] Thanks for reading NewLimit Blog! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. Subscribe Image 9: Satoshi Private Channel's avatarImage 10: sadra1.base.eth's avatarImage 11: Akanksha Sachan's avatarImage 12: Daniel Olshansky's avatarImage 13: Robert Gorski's avatar 7 Likes∙ 1 Restack 7 1 Share Top Latest Announcing NewLimit: a company built to extend human healthspan Aging is something that affects all of us, yet there are only a couple organizations in the world that are applying industrial scale to investigating… Dec 11, 2021•Brian ArmstrongandBlake Byers 45 NewLimit raises $130 million Series B led by Kleiner Perkins alongside NFDG, Khosla Ventures, Human Capital and others

• NewLimit raises $130M to push liver mRNA med into clinic

  “You can dose that medicine every three weeks, and this is something where it's both demonstrated to be safe and effective and commercially viable,” Kimmel said. “We see that as sort of the minimum bar, and we think we've got some early evidence today that we're on track.” NewLimit’s science builds on discoveries in epigenetic reprogramming, the idea that tweaks to how genes are expressed can make cells behave differently or even switch cell types entirely. For example, Shinya Yamanaka, Ph.D., won a Nobel Prize in 2012 for demonstrating that mouse skin cells could be induced to turn into stem cells, at which point they could then develop into many other possible cell types. [...] NewLimit was founded in 2022 with the goal of making medicines that reprogram old cells to extend patients’ health spans, a term that has been growing in popularity. Last month, Flagship Pioneering debuted a preemptive medicine biotech called Etiome with $50 million in financing and a goal of “increasing our health spans, not just our lifespans,” company CEO Avak Kahvejian, Ph.D., told Fierce. aging Longevity Biotech cell aging liver disease mRNA lipid nanoparticle drug delivery tech Venture Capital Biotech [...] “Old and young cells use different genes,” Kimmel said, “and then, more importantly, old cells have a loss of function that occurs in the cell types that we're going after.” In the liver, for example, older cells aren’t as good at processing alcohol and caffeine as younger cells, Kimmel added. The company’s first target is alcohol-related liver disease, Kimmel said, with plans to enter the clinic in the next few years. But, just like GLP-1s before them, NewLimit hopes to use early indications as a stepping stone to broader and broader patient populations.

• Beyond the Limit, I - Launchings by David Bressoud

  Limits are not at all required in calculus. Both the derivative and integral are well defined in the New Calculus. There is no use of any of the ill-formed concepts: infinity, infinitesimal or limits. The New Calculus is the first and only rigorous formulation of calculus in human history. If you must teach the limit idea, then you'd be better off learning about Gabriel's New Limit theorem for mainstream calculus: ReplyDelete Replies Reply 5. Martin FlashmanJuly 15, 2014 at 3:50 PM [...] This student perception of the material on limits as purely procedural was illustrated in a Canadian study (Hardy 2009) of students who had just been through a lesson in which they were shown how to find limits of rational functions at a value of x at which both numerator and denominator were zero. Hardy ran individual observations of 28 students as they worked through a set of problems that were superficially similar to what they had seen in class, but in fact should have been simpler. Students were asked to find \(\lim\_{x\to 2} (x+3)/(x^2-9)\). This was solved correctly by all but one of the students, although most them first performed the unnecessary step of factoring x+3 out of both numerator and denominator. When faced with \( \lim\_{x\to 1} (x-1)/(x^2+x) \), the fraction of [...] on limits, with its attendant and rather idiosyncratic problems, is viewed as an isolated set of procedures to be mastered.

• January // February 2026 Progress Update - NewLimit Blog

  Our multi-task Ambrosia system is highly performant across a range of cell state and function prediction tasks. When we integrate the system with a lab-in-the-loop to perform discovery campaigns, we achieve our strongest ever performance and increase our rate of discovery >2X relative to the baseline. Every time we launch a screen at NewLimit – multiple times per month – we’re able to make more discoveries per dollar as a result. We’re working now to expand the palette of functional effects our system can both predict and design toward. Our ambition is to achieve a large increase in the translation rate of our primary screening experiments to downstream preclinical validation over the coming year. [...] Kleiner Perkins Builders podcast: we discuss epigenetic reprogramming, science-driven companies, and Chick-fil-A Biotech TV: Brad Loncar interviews us inside the lab Inc Magazine: NewLimit and our science are featured # Company growth We continue to expand our team as we move toward the clinic. We’re recruiting for roles across the spectrum of seniority and across the research & development spectrum. Please reach out if you or a talented friend might be a good fit! The view from NewLimit headquarters after California’s early winter rain. Thanks for reading NewLimit Blog! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work. No posts ### Ready for more? © 2026 NewLimit Inc. · Privacy ∙ Terms ∙ Collection notice Start your SubstackGet the app [...] ## Restoring youthful metabolic function Epigenetic marks on our DNA and surrounding proteins control which genes are turned on and off in each cell. Aging degrades these marks, and old cells lose the ability to perform obligate functions as a result. As one example, hepatocytes (Greek/biologist for “liver cell”) are less regenerative in the face of injury, less resilient to external damage, and less able to process metabolites. NewLimit is discovering reprogramming payloads that rewrite these marks back to their youthful state. Each of our payloads activates a set of transcription factor (TF) genes that remodel the epigenome. In principle, payloads that effectively reprogram cell age could restore multiple youthful functions in old cells.

• Instance Of

  Q215380