Idaho National Lab

Location

A US Department of Energy national laboratory that is a key site for developing and testing next-generation nuclear reactors, mentioned as the location for bringing three Gen 4 reactors to criticality.


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7/26/2025, 7:22:26 AM

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7/26/2025, 7:27:08 AM

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7/26/2025, 7:25:21 AM

Summary

The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a U.S. Department of Energy facility managed by Battelle Energy Alliance, is a premier site for nuclear research and development, significantly advancing the understanding of nuclear reactor behavior. Established in 1949 as the National Reactor Testing Station and later reformed in 2005 through the merger of the National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory's Idaho site, the INL complex spans 890 square miles in eastern Idaho. It has been instrumental in nuclear history, hosting the construction of 52 reactors, including those responsible for generating the world's first usable electricity from nuclear power and the power plant for the world's first nuclear submarine, making it the largest concentration of reactors globally. With approximately 5,700 employees, INL is a key location for developing advanced nuclear technologies, such as Generation 4 reactors and Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), which are considered crucial for meeting the escalating energy demands of AI and physical AI, as highlighted in discussions about the United States' strategy to win the global AI Arms Race.

Referenced in 1 Document
Research Data
Extracted Attributes
  • Area

    890 square miles (2,310 km2)

  • Name

    Idaho National Laboratory (INL)

  • Type

    U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory

  • Motto

    The energy of innovation

  • Director

    John Wagner

  • Location

    Eastern Idaho, United States (between Arco, Idaho Falls, and Blackfoot)

  • Employees

    Approximately 5,700 (as of 2023)

  • Budget (2010)

    Approximately $1 billion

  • Primary Research Focus

    Nuclear energy, national security, energy, environment, biotechnology, materials research, conservation, renewable energy

  • Number of Reactors Built

    52

  • Current Operating Reactors

    3

Timeline
  • Established as the National Reactor Testing Station (NRTS). (Source: Web Search Results)

    1949-01-01

  • Experimental Breeder Reactor I (EBR-I) at the site generated the world's first usable electricity from nuclear power. (Source: Wikipedia)

    1951-12-20

  • The prototype reactor for the world's first nuclear submarine, USS Nautilus, was built and tested at the site. (Source: Wikipedia)

    1953-01-01

  • Name changed to the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. (Source: Web Search Results)

    1997-01-01

  • Battelle Energy Alliance took over operation, merged with Argonne National Laboratory-West, and the facility name was changed to Idaho National Laboratory (INL). (Source: Wikipedia)

    2005-02-01

Idaho National Laboratory

Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is one of the national laboratories of the United States Department of Energy and is managed by the https://www.battelle.org/laboratory-management. Historically, the lab has been involved with nuclear research, although the laboratory does other research as well. Much of the current knowledge of nuclear reactor behavior was discovered at what is now Idaho National Laboratory. John Grossenbacher, a former INL director, said, "The history of nuclear energy for peaceful application has principally been written in Idaho". The present facility resulted from the 2005 merger of two neighboring laboratories, the National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, and the Idaho site of the western branch of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne-West). Various organizations have built more than 50 reactors at what is commonly called "the Site", including the ones that gave the world its first usable amount of electricity from nuclear power and the power plant for the world's first nuclear submarine. Although many are now decommissioned, these facilities are the largest concentration of reactors in the world. It is on a 890-square-mile (2,310 km2) complex in the high desert of eastern Idaho, between Arco to the west and Idaho Falls and Blackfoot to the east. Atomic City, Idaho is just south. The laboratory employs approximately 5,700 people.

Web Search Results
  • Idaho National Laboratory - Wikipedia

    Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is one of the national laboratories of the United States Department of Energy and is managed by the . Historically, the lab has been involved with nuclear research, although the laboratory does other research as well. Much of the current knowledge of nuclear reactor behavior was discovered at what is now Idaho National Laboratory. John Grossenbacher, a former INL director, said, "The history of nuclear energy for peaceful application has principally been written [...] On February 1, 2005, Battelle Energy Alliance took over operation of the lab from Bechtel, merged with Argonne National Laboratory-West, and the facility name was changed to "Idaho National Laboratory" (INL). At this time the site's clean-up activities were moved to a separate contract, the Idaho Cleanup Project, which is currently managed by the Idaho Environmental Coalition, LLC. Research activities were consolidated in the newly named Idaho National Laboratory. [...] | | | | --- | --- | | | | | Motto | The energy of innovation | | Established | 1949 | | Research type | nuclear energy, national security, energy, and environment | | Budget | approx. $1 billion (2010) | | Director "Director (business)") | John Wagner | | Staff | approx. 5,700 (2023) | | Location | Idaho Falls, Idaho, U.S. and a large area to the west | | Campus | 890 sq mi (2,310 km2) | | Operating agency | Battelle Energy Alliance | | Website | inl.gov |

  • DOE ID - BriefHistory - Department of Energy

    The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), an 890-square-mile section of desert in southeast Idaho, was established in 1949 as the National Reactor Testing Station. Initially, the missions at the INL were the development of civilian and defense nuclear reactor technologies and management of spent nuclear fuel. Fifty-two reactors'most of them first-of-a-kind'were built, including the Navy's first prototype nuclear propulsion plant. Of the 52 reactors, three remain in operation at the site. [...] | Site History The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), an 890-square-mile section of desert in southeast Idaho, was established in 1949 as the National Reactor Testing Station. Initially, the missions at the INL were the development of civilian and defense nuclear reactor technologies and management of spent nuclear fuel. Fifty-two reactors'most of them first-of-a-kind'were built, including the Navy's first prototype nuclear propulsion plant. Of the 52 reactors, three remain in operation at the [...] biotechnology, energy and materials research, and conservation and renewable energy. The Site's name changed again in the spring of 1997 to the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory to reflect a major refocus of the laboratory, present and long term, toward engineering applications and environmental solutions for our nation. Beginning on February 1, 2005, the name changed again to the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). This change reflects a move back to the laboratory's

  • Idaho National Laboratory: Home

    Home About ABOUT INL Contact Information Vision, Mission and Leadership Impacts Fact Sheets History Science & Technology Overview Laboratory Directed Research and Development FAQs The Top 20 Questions About Idaho National Laboratory BUS OPERATIONS FACILITIES User Facilities VISITORS Tours EBR-I Atomic Museum ENVIRONMENTAL Environmental Policy [...] Idaho National Laboratory 1955 N. Fremont Ave. Idaho Falls, ID 83415 866-495-7440 Privacy and Accessibility Vulnerability Disclosure Policy Equal Opportunity Employer Privacy and Accessibility Vulnerability Disclosure Policy ###### RESEARCH AREAS Nuclear Energy Integrated Energy National & Homeland Security ABOUT US Environment, Safety, Health Visitors Contact Info Frequently Asked Questions Bus Operations PARTNERSHIPS [...] INL houses an exceptional array of scientific expertise, equipment and vision to help shape extraordinary new technologies into practical, everyday uses. Though we are diverse in our research, all our missions call for us to advance human knowledge to make a safer, cleaner world with a higher standard of living for everyone. Image 16: nuclear, nuclear energy, advanced nuclear reactors, small modular reactors, microreactors, nuclear fuel, research, development, engineering ### Nuclear Energy

  • Research Programs - Idaho National Laboratory

    INL is leading the nation's research in advanced nuclear energy technology. Our scientists and engineers study reactors that can replace fossil fuels with

  • History of INL - Idaho National Laboratory

    Browse the interactive timeline below to learn more about our history and some of our notable research achievements and accomplishments from the past, present