IPO Market

Extracted Attributes

• Definition

  A public offering in which shares of a privately held company are sold to institutional and retail investors, transforming it into a public company.

• Managed By

  Investment banks (underwriters)

• Key Document

  Prospectus (discloses offering details)

• Primary Purpose

  Raise new equity capital, monetize investments of private shareholders, enable easy trading of existing holdings or future capital raising.

• Associated Costs

  Banking and legal fees, ongoing disclosure requirements

• Listing Platform

  Stock exchanges

• Post-IPO Trading

  Shares traded freely in the open market (free float)

• Alternative Methods

  Dutch auction

• Q1 2025 US IPO Deals

  59

• Q1 2025 US IPO Proceeds

  US$8.9 billion

• Leading US IPO Sectors (2024)

  Technology, Media, and Telecommunications (TMT); Health and Life Sciences

• Most Active IPO Market (2024)

  India

• Leading US IPO Sectors (Q1 2025)

  Health care, Technology

• Q1 2025 US IPO Deal Increase (YoY)

  55%

Timeline

• The U.S. IPO market saw a peak of 397 IPOs through mid-June. (Source: Web Search)

  2021-06-15

• The U.S. IPO market experienced a slow period with only 71 IPOs through mid-June, the lowest number in five years. (Source: Web Search)

  2022-06-15

• The U.S. IPO market had 109 IPOs through mid-June. (Source: Web Search)

  2023-06-15

• India emerged as the most active IPO market globally, generating more new listings than any other jurisdiction. (Source: Web Search)

  2024-01-01

• The U.S. IPO market had 150 IPOs through mid-June. (Source: Web Search)

  2024-06-15

• Global IPO count increased to 117 (from 102 in Jan 2024), and global IPO deal value rose to US$9.81 billion (from US$6.86 billion in Jan 2024). (Source: Web Search)

  2025-01-01

• The US IPO market experienced a 55% increase in the number of deals compared to Q1 2024, with 59 IPOs raising US$8.9 billion. Health care and technology sectors led the activity. (Source: Web Search)

  2025-03-31

• The U.S. IPO market had 84 IPOs through mid-June, indicating a slow start to the year but with recent warming trends. (Source: Web Search)

  2025-06-15

Initial public offering

An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also to retail (individual) investors. An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investment banks, who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges. Through this process, colloquially known as floating, or going public, a privately held company is transformed into a public company. Initial public offerings can be used to raise new equity capital for companies, to monetize the investments of private shareholders such as company founders or private equity investors, and to enable easy trading of existing holdings or future capital raising by becoming publicly traded. After the IPO, shares are traded freely in the open market at what is known as the free float. Stock exchanges stipulate a minimum free float both in absolute terms (the total value as determined by the share price multiplied by the number of shares sold to the public) and as a proportion of the total share capital (i.e., the number of shares sold to the public divided by the total shares outstanding). Although IPO offers many benefits, there are also significant costs involved, chiefly those associated with the process such as banking and legal fees, and the ongoing requirement to disclose important and sometimes sensitive information. Details of the proposed offering are disclosed to potential purchasers in the form of a lengthy document known as a prospectus. Most companies undertake an IPO with the assistance of an investment banking firm acting in the capacity of an underwriter. Underwriters provide several services, including help with correctly assessing the value of shares (share price) and establishing a public market for shares (initial sale). Alternative methods such as the Dutch auction have also been explored and applied for several IPOs.

Web Search Results

• Q1 2025 US IPO market trends - EY

  The Q1 2025 IPO market experienced a 55% increase in the number of deals compared with Q1 2024, with 59 IPOs raising US$8.9b. Despite the year-over-year rise in the number of deals, total proceeds rose modestly. This was largely due to seven deals in Q1 2024 that each raised over US$500m, compared with just five in Q1 2025. Broad-based sector participation bolstered optimism Read more Read less Image 6: IPO circle graphic 2025 Chart Description Hide chart Description [...] In Q1 2025, the US IPO market saw a 55% uptick in the number of deals and a modest increase in total proceeds.The health care and technology sectors led the activity, while significant deals across various industries pointed to broader market interest.However, concerns over trade policy and recessionary fears could lead to a quiet spring and summer and may impact IPO momentum generally.IPO aspirants should be prepared to act quickly when windows of opportunity open. Read more Read less [...] D riven by favorable economic conditions in the new year that enticed many issuers to the market, US initial public offering (IPO) deal activity continued its upward trajectory in Q1 2025. However, the recent volatility fueled by trade policy uncertainties and recessionary fears could impact momentum and highlight the need for adaptability among market participants. IPO market activity continued early in Q1, but caution has emerged Read more Read less Chart Description Hide Description

• EY Global IPO Trends 2024 | EY - US

  Heading into 2025, the global IPO market faces dissonance as pivotal transformations, influenced by fiscal and monetary policies, geopolitical tensions, artificial intelligence (AI) and digital transformation, renewed ESG considerations and the outcomes of a global super-election cycle year, reshape the IPO landscape. While these dynamics may create challenges, they also open the door to new opportunities. To navigate and capitalize on these evolving megatrends, businesses must embrace [...] The grid-style heat map titled "2024 IPO volume by market and by sector" provides a sectoral breakdown of IPO activity across key markets in 2024, with varying shades of pink and burgundy reflecting IPO intensity. In the United States, technology, media, and telecommunications (TMT) led with 36 IPOs, followed by health and life sciences with 44, industrials with 29, consumer with 25, energy with 11 and financials with 8. For the Chinese mainland, industrials dominated with 47 IPOs, TMT followed [...] As the geopolitical landscape evolves and global supply chains undergo significant reconfiguration, the traditional global IPO market is transforming into interconnected yet distinct regional ecosystems, each shaped by unique sector specializations and growth drivers. The success of each sector is increasingly influenced by the economic conditions of its local market and the strategic priorities of the region.

• Global IPO market overview | White & Case LLP

  Regional trends are poised to continue shaping IPO activity in 2025, as investors base decisions on domestic growth drivers and sector strengths. The improving backdrop for IPOs in 2024 has carried over into 2025, with a number of high-profile listings in various jurisdictions at the beginning of the year. IPO figures for January 2025 are up compared to January 2024, with global IPO count up from 102 to 117, and global IPO deal value increasing from US$6.86 billion to US$9.81 billion. [...] India and the Middle East emerged as two of the strongest IPO hubs in 2024. India, cementing its position as the most active IPO market in the world, generated more new listings than any other jurisdiction, while Middle Eastern IPO markets saw strong pipelines of state-backed company IPOs supplemented by big-ticket private sector listings. [...] Home Foreword Global IPO market overview Firm foundations: Can US IPO markets continue to build on solid gains? European IPO markets rally with a focus on sustaining long-term growth APAC lifted by bumper year for Indian IPOs Middle East sees strong IPO activity Navigating complexity: LatAm presents IPO opportunities and risks Local trends lift global IPO outlook Subscribe Global%20IPO%20market%20overview

• IPO Market Starts to Warm After Slow Start to 2025

  Theinitial public offerings(IPO) market began 2025 with its slowest start in five years, but a flurry of offerings in recent weeks may indicate that the winter freeze may finally be thawing ahead of summer. The calendar recently featured several high-profile rallies in stocks making their Wall Street debut, including a nearly 170% day-one return for shares of Circle Internet Group (CRCL), a stablecoin issuer. This followed a 300% surge for shares of AI company CoreWeave (CRWV) since its IPO in [...] There have been 84 IPOs in the U.S. this year through mid-June, according to Renaissance Capital, down from 150 in the same period of 2024 and 109 in 2023. It was the lowest number for the period since 2022, when just 71 IPOs took place, and down from 2021's peak of 397. [...] Most IPO shares are typically scooped up by institutional investors. Brokerages then divvy up the rest to retail investors. Initial trading days can offer strong performance but can be volatile, and some IPOs tank. Those able to buy shares at a company's initial price may have a chance of making a good bit of money. But as with anything stock-related, the greater the potential reward, the greater the risk.

• EY Global IPO Trends Q2 2025 | EY

  Overall, the global IPO market showed resilience in Q1 2025, posting year-over-year (YOY) gains in volume and value, despite significant market disruptions. Read More Read Less ### Methodology [...] G lobal IPO markets in the first quarter of 2025 have been marked by profound uncertainty, as two major market disruptions and a series of complex crosscurrents shape investor sentiment. The far-reaching policy agenda of the new US administration suggests the potential for tectonic shifts in geopolitical and regulatory frameworks, trade and tax policies, and immigration strategies. This will bring both opportunities and risks worldwide. Meanwhile, the rise of more cost-effective artificial [...] #### The global IPO market saw a 20% year-over-year (YOY) growth by value, despite profound uncertainty amid significant geopolitical shifts. Read More Read Less In brief