State AI Regulation

Extracted Attributes

• Industry Concern

  Patchwork of state laws could hinder economic competitiveness and innovation

• Texas Legislation

  Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (enacted 2025-06-22, effective 2026-01-01)

• Advocated Solution

  Unified federal AI regulation, potentially through federal preemption

• Regulatory Approach

  Risk-based approach, technology-specific regulations (e.g., Generative AI), establishment of state working groups, AI governance programs

• Arkansas Legislation

  HB 1958 (requires public entities to develop AI policy), HB 1876 (establishes ownership rights over AI-generated content)

• Colorado Legislation

  SB24-205 (Colorado AI Act, addresses algorithmic discrimination, template for other states)

• Key Regulatory Focus

  Algorithmic discrimination, bias, fairness, transparency, oversight, accountability, high-risk AI systems, generative AI, government use of AI, ownership rights of AI-generated content

• California Legislation

  SB53 (addresses algorithmic discrimination), AB 3030 (regulates generative AI in healthcare, effective 2025-01-01)

• States with Key Legislation

  California, Colorado, Texas, Connecticut, Arkansas, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York, Virginia, Illinois

• Number of Bills Introduced (2023)

  More than 40 state AI bills

• States with Enacted Statutes (2023)

  Connecticut, Texas

Timeline

• More than 40 state AI bills were introduced across the United States. (Source: web_search_results)

  2023

• Connecticut and Texas adopted statutes establishing state working groups to assess state agencies' use of AI systems. (Source: web_search_results)

  2023

• California enacted various AI bills relating to transparency, privacy, entertainment, election integrity, and government accountability. (Source: web_search_results)

  2024-09

• California's AB 3030, regulating the use of generative AI in health care provision, becomes effective. (Source: web_search_results)

  2025-01-01

• Texas enacted the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act. (Source: web_search_results)

  2025-06-22

• The Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act becomes effective. (Source: web_search_results)

  2026-01-01

Regulation of AI in the United States

Discussions on regulation of artificial intelligence in the United States have included topics such as the timeliness of regulating AI, the nature of the federal regulatory framework to govern and promote AI, including what agency should lead, the regulatory and governing powers of that agency, and how to update regulations in the face of rapidly changing technology, as well as the roles of state governments and courts.

Web Search Results

• AI Watch: Global regulatory tracker - United States | White & Case LLP

  The Colorado AI Act is emerging as a key template for state AI regulation. For example, state legislatures in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York, and Virginia are considering bills that would generally track the Colorado AI Act and impose safeguards against bias by AI systems. In September 2024, California enacted various AI bills relating to transparency, privacy, entertainment, election integrity, and government accountability. Some of the key laws include: [...] More than 40 state AI bills were introduced in 2023, with Connecticut 34 and Texas 35 actually adopting statutes. Both of those enacted statutes establish state working groups to assess state agencies' use of AI systems to ensure they do not result in unlawful discrimination. [...] As noted above, there are currently no comprehensive federal laws that have been enacted to specifically regulate AI. Accordingly, there is no specific territorial scope of federal legislation. However, many existing statutes regulate activities in which AI can be used, and those federal statutes typically apply nationally and, in some cases, extra-territorially. State legislation regulating AI generally has extra-territorial effect as its application typically extends to entities that target

• [PDF] [FINAL] State AI Legislation Report - The Future of Privacy Forum

  state legislators is the regulation of AI systems or tools used in consequential decision-making contexts that significantly impact individuals' livelihood and life opportunities. Often, these legislative proposals focus on the operative terms “high-risk artificial intelligence system” or “automated decisionmaking tool.”3 Typically, the goal of this framework is to create incentives for fairness, transparency, and oversight and accountability processes,4 mitigating algorithmic bias in areas [...] III. Alternative Technology-Specific Approaches While the most common approach to AI regulation in U.S. states—covering both government use and private sector—thus far has been a general risk-based approach, some lawmakers have pursued technology-specific regulations aimed at addressing risks of harm arising from specific forms of AI. Lawmakers have most commonly focused on Generative AI Systems (AI that can create new content such as text, images, music, or videos)30 and Frontier AI or [...] AI Governance Programs: Another core element of a comprehensive AI regulation is the creation of AI governance programs or risk management policies and procedures. These programs typically create a structured framework of policies, procedures, and controls designed to oversee and manage the development, deployment, and use of AI within an organization aimed at ensuring that AI technologies are developed and deployed responsibly, ethically, and in compliance with relevant laws and regulations.

• From California to Kentucky: Tracking the Rise of State AI Laws in ...

  In our previous client alert on state AI regulations, we analyzedstate and local AI regulations in Colorado, Illinois, and New York, and how state privacy laws provide additional protections and safeguards against automated decision-making systems. [...] In this client alert, we provide a time-stamped overview of newly enacted state laws aimed at regulating AI and automated decision-making systems. We highlight the key provisions of these regulations and offer practical insights for businesses using AI. [...] Arkansas– Governor Sarah Huckabee recently signed two AI regulations: (i) HB 1958, which requires public entities to develop a comprehensive policy regarding the authorized use of AI and ADMT, and (ii) HB 1876, which establishes ownership rights over content generated by generative AI. Specifically, individuals who provide input or directives to a generative AI tool will own the generated content, provided it does not infringe on any copyrights or intellectual property rights. Besides,

• Texas Takes a Shot at AI Regulation With 'Responsible Artificial ...

  The Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act positions Texas as a leader in state-level AI regulation. It also represents a new approach to AI regulation in the United States that seeks to balance technological progress with consumer protections and common-sense restrictions. While it remains to be seen whether the act has any teeth, given the very limited scope of its prohibitions and potential difficulties in proving discriminatory intent under its AI antidiscrimination [...] The Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act marks a meaningful move by Texas to lead on AI regulation at the state level, aiming to balance corporate desires for AI innovation with consumer protection, anti-discrimination, and other ethical considerations. Its reach is broad: the act applies to any person or entity conducting business in Texas, producing products or services used by Texas residents, or developing or deploying AI systems within the state, though certain [...] ## On June 22, 2025, Texas became the latest state to enact comprehensive AI legislation with a uniquely Texan twist through the passage of the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act. The new law, effective January 1, 2026, makes Texas the second state (after Colorado) to enact comprehensive AI legislation, and warrants attention from businesses doing business in, producing products or services used by individuals in, or developing or using AI systems in the state.

• US state-by-state AI legislation snapshot | BCLP

  Click the image below to view detailed state-by-state AI legislation information. Image 16 As is the case with most new technologies, the establishment of regulatory and compliance frameworks has lagged behind AI’s rise. This is set to change, however, as AI has caught the attention of federal and state regulators and oversight of AI is ramping up. [...] In the absence of comprehensive federal legislation on AI, there is now a growing patchwork of various current and proposed AI regulatory frameworks at the state and local level. Even with the federal bill uncertain, it is clear that momentum for AI regulation is at an all-time high. Consequently, companies stepping into the AI stream, face an uncertain regulatory environment that must be closely monitored and evaluated to understand its impact on risk and the commercial potential of proposed [...] Effective January 1, 2025, California’sAB 3030regulates the use of generative artificial intelligence (“genAI”) in health care provision. The law requires health facilities, clinics, doctor’s offices, and group practices to disclose when they have used genAI to communicate clinical information about health status to patients.In these circumstances, the law requires both: 1) a disclaimer that the communication was created with genAI, and 2) clear instructions about how the patient can contact a