Stem Cell Technology

Extracted Attributes

• Key Challenges

  Immune rejection, tumorigenesis, precise manipulation of stem cell behaviors

• Key Properties

  Self-renewal, differentiation into specialized cell types

• Other Applications

  Tissue engineering, cell manufacturing, fertility treatment (creating viable eggs from skin cells), treatment of neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns

• Primary Application

  Regenerative medicine

• Types of Stem Cells

  Embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells

• Enabling Technologies

  Yamanaka factors, CRISPR technology, exosome-based therapeutics, single-cell RNA sequencing

Timeline

• Hossein Baharvand joined the Royan Institute and founded the Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology. (Source: Wikipedia)

  1995-XX-XX

• Hossein Baharvand generated the first mouse and human embryonic stem cells in Iran. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2003-XX-XX

• Hossein Baharvand generated the first induced pluripotent stem cells in Iran. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2008-XX-XX

• Hossein Baharvand established the annual international summer school program to publicize stem cell biology. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2010-XX-XX

Hossein Baharvand

Hossein Baharvand is an Iranian stem cell and developmental biologist. He received his B.Sc. in biology from Shiraz University in 1994, and M.Sc. in Developmental Biology from Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran in 1996. He then obtained his Ph.D. in Cell and Developmental Biology from Khwarizmi University (former Tarbiat Moallem University) in 2004. He first joined the Royan Institute in 1995 in which he founded Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology. For the first time, he generated the mouse and human embryonic stem cells (2003) and induced pluripotent stem cells (2008) in Iran. This has enabled his team to pursue many avenues of research into translational research and regenerative medicine. He has focused his research on improving the translational research and regenerative medicine mainly through the understanding of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology and Biologically inspired Engineering. He has been working on pluripotent stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes, neural cells, hepatocytes, and the pluripotency mechanism. He has also been making numerous contributions to clinical trials and tissue-specific stem cell transplantation; as well as developing cell manufacturing. He has given numerous tutorials and invited talks in many congresses such as ISSCR (2018). He is the editor of four international books which were published by Springer (2010 and 2012) and John Wiley, USA (2015). He has published 450 international and 100 national peer-reviewed papers, as well as seven chapters in international books, seventeen books in Persian, and eight translated English text books into Persian. Eight figures of his peer-reviewed publications were selected as cover pages of international journals. As of April 2022, Google Scholar reports over 20,000 citations and h-index 65 to his work. He is the editorial board member of eight international journals (e.g., Journal of Biological Chemistry and Scientific Reports from Nature Publishing Group). He has received 36 international and national awards including 10th (2004), 12th (2006), and 17th (2012) annual Razi research award on medical science hosted by Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, 26th and 32nd Khwarizmi International Award (2013 and 2019), hosted by Iran Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, 27th annual book of the year of the Islamic republic of Iran (2010), distinguished scientist in Iranian Biotechnology (2015) and Genetics (2016) national award. He is the winner of the Islamic Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) Prize for research in the field of Biology (2010). Moreover, he was introduced as Prominent Professor in 3rd term of Allameh Tabatabaei's Award hosted by Iran vice Presidency for Science and Technology and National Elite Foundation (2014). He is the winner of the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO)-Equatorial Guinea International Prize (2014) for Research in Life Sciences aimed at improving the quality of human life with his stem cell research and its numerous applications in regenerative medicine. He was also selected as one of the 20 stem cell person of the year 2017 award nominees hosted by THE NICHE site. He is also the winner of the World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) prize in Biology (2019) for his fundamental contribution to the understanding of how pluripotency and differentiation are established and maintained in stem cells. and has been featured as Highly Cited Researcher based on the rank in the global top 1% of scientists in ESI, Web of Science (July 2019). Recently, he has been awarded the top science and technology award in the Islamic world, Mustafa Prize (2019), for his efforts to promote translational research using stem cells with the goal to improve human life. He was elected as a Fellow of TWAS for his outstanding contribution to science and its promotion in the developing world (2020). He also awarded national “science medal” from Medical Council of Iran (2020) and Abu Reyhan Biruni research festival on medical sciences hosted by Shahid Beheshti medical sciences university (2021). He was also awarded the honorary fellowship of the Islamic World Academy of Sciences (2022), as a Mustafa Prize laureate and in appreciation of the efforts that he has made to the field of stem cell biology. Moreover, as of now two companies are spun off from the work he initiated and directed at the Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology including Cell Tech Pharmed as a cell factory for cell therapy, and Royan Stem Cell Technology for banking of cord blood stem cells. Furthermore, he has had several efforts in publicizing the stem cell biology in Iran and in this regard he with his team established a lab entitled "Stem Cells for all" and a "mobile adventure lab" by an equipped bus. The aim of these participatory teaching and learning methods is to motivate and empower learners to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values necessary to shape a sustainable future for stem cells and their potentials in regenerative medicine. He has also established “annual international summer school” program since 2010. The participants are trained by invited speakers from abroad to increase international and national interactions and training methods in this field.

Web Search Results

• recent developments and future prospects in stem-cell therapy - PMC

  Despite the immense potential, stem cell therapy faces challenges such as immune rejection, tumorigenesis, and the precise manipulation of stem cell behaviors, necessitating innovative solutions for clinical translation. Recent biotechnological advancements, such as exosome-based therapeutics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and CRISPR technology, have revolutionized stem cell research, offering new opportunities for precise genome editing and therapeutic interventions. [...] Keywords: biotechnology advancements, clinical trials, medical revolution, stem-cell therapy Overview -------- Highlights Stem cell therapy represents a groundbreaking frontier in modern medicine, offering unprecedented potential to address a wide range of debilitating diseases and injuries. Stem cells possess unique properties, including self-renewal and differentiation into specialized cell types, making them indispensable for regenerative medicine applications. [...] Stem-cell therapy signifies a pioneering frontier in modern medicine that uses the extraordinary power of stem cells and their revolutionary potential to treat diverse illnesses. Stem cells play a crucial role in regenerative medicine and exhibit the extraordinary ability to differentiate into various cell types and to renew themselves. Their intrinsic capacity to repair and regenerate tissues holds immense promise for revolutionizing therapeutic interventions1,2. The historical journey of

• Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases - Nature

  Stem cell therapy is a novel therapeutic approach that utilizes the unique properties of stem cells, including self-renewal and differentiation, to regenerate damaged cells and tissues in the human body or replace these cells with new, healthy and fully functional cells by delivering exogenous cells into a patient.7. quiz 104-105.") Stem cells for cell-based therapy can be of (1) autologous, also known as self-to-self therapy, an approach using the patient’s own cells, and (2) allogeneic [...] (derived from inner cell mass of blastocyst) and induced pluripotent stem cells confer the ability to proliferate indefinitely in vitro and differentiate into numerous cell types of the human body, including three germ layers. (2) Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells derived from mesoderm possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages. The differentiated/somatic cells can be reprogrammed back to the pluripotent stage using [...] “osteogenic” stem cells, was first coined in Caplan and widely used to date.18.") Starting with bone marrow transplantation 60 years ago, the journey of stem cell therapy has developed throughout the years to become a novel therapeutic agent of regenerative medicine to treat numerous incurable diseases, which will be reviewed and discussed in this review, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and

• Stem cells: What they are and what they do - Mayo Clinic

  Stem cell therapy, also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. It is the next chapter in organ transplantation and uses cells instead of donor organs, which are limited in supply. Researchers grow stem cells in a lab. These stem cells are manipulated to specialize into specific types of cells, such as heart muscle cells, blood cells or nerve cells. [...] Stem cell therapy, also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. It is the next chapter in organ transplantation and uses cells instead of donor organs, which are limited in supply. Researchers grow stem cells in a lab. These stem cells are manipulated to specialize into specific types of cells, such as heart muscle cells, blood cells or nerve cells. [...] Therapeutic cloning, also called somatic cell nuclear transfer, is a way to create versatile stem cells independent of fertilized eggs. In this technique, the nucleus is removed from an unfertilized egg. This nucleus contains the genetic material. The nucleus also is removed from the cell of a donor.

• Exploring the potential of stem cell therapy: Applications, types, and ...

  regenerative medicine in order to enable stem cells to continue regenerating tissues at a pace comparable to that of a young organism. Among the most promising areas in the battle against aging and age-related disorders are technologies aimed at eliminating older stem cells, promoting cell renewal in one's own cells, and re-establishing stem cell equilibrium. These strategies have the potential to improve health span and increase human longevity, enabling individuals to have longer, healthier, [...] One of the most significant treatment approaches now accessible is stem cell therapy. Over the last few decades, a lot of study has been done in this field, and this fascinating feature of plasticity could have therapeutic uses. The potential of stem cells to restore function lost as a result of disease, trauma, congenital defects, and age has made stem cell research a key priority for scientific and medical organizations across the world. Stem cells are a crucial topic of study in regenerative [...] medicine because of their capacity to replace, repair, or regenerate damaged cells, tissues, or organs. As a result, stem cell therapy is being used as a treatment strategy for a number of illnesses. Because stem cells may proliferate indefinitely and generate vast quantities of differentiated cells needed for transplantation, they hold enormous promise for regenerative medicine. Stem cells can be reprogrammed from adult cell types or originate from embryonic or fetal origins. Depending on

• Stem Cell Basics

  While stem cells offer exciting promise for future therapies, significant technical hurdles remain that will likely only be overcome through years of intensive research. [...] An important potential application is the generation of cells and tissues for cell-based therapies, also called tissue engineering. The current need for transplantable tissues and organs far outweighs the available supply. Stem cells offer the possibility of a renewable source. There is typically a very small number of adult stem cells in each tissue, and once removed from the body, their capacity to divide is limited, making generation of large quantities of adult stem cells for therapies [...] To realize the promise of stem cell therapies in diseases, scientists must be able to manipulate stem cells so that they possess the necessary characteristics for successful differentiation, transplantation, and engraftment. Scientists must also develop procedures for the administration of stem cell populations, along with the induction of vascularization (supplying blood vessels), for the regeneration and repair of three-dimensional solid tissues.