Core Essential Vaccines

Extracted Attributes

• Lead Official

  Marty Makary (FDA Commissioner)

• Primary Objective

  Rebuilding public trust and prioritizing public health guidance

• Relationship to CDC

  Distinct and separate from broader CDC recommendations

• Originating Authority

  Donald Trump Administration FDA Reforms

• WHO EPI Vaccine Count

  14 recommended antigens

• Sidelined Vaccines (US 2026 Policy)

  Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Rotavirus, RSV, Meningococcal, Flu, and COVID-19

• Number of Maintained CDC Childhood Vaccines

  11 vaccines (including MMR, Tdap, Polio, and HPV)

Timeline

• The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) is launched by the WHO to ensure children worldwide benefit from life-saving vaccines. (Source: WHO Web Search)

  1974-05-01

• Ghana and Nigeria approve the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine for use in children. (Source: Wikipedia: Malaria vaccine)

  2023-04-01

• The Essential Programme on Immunization marks its 50th anniversary, having saved an estimated 154 million lives. (Source: WHO Web Search)

  2024-01-01

• Reports indicate the CDC scaled back universal recommendations for six routine vaccines, moving them to shared clinical decision-making status. (Source: NPR Web Search)

  2026-01-09

Malaria vaccine

A Malaria vaccine is a vaccine that prevents malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease which affected an estimated 249 million people globally in 85 malaria-endemic countries and areas and caused 608,000 deaths in 2022. The first approved vaccine for malaria is RTS,S, known by the brand name Mosquirix. As of April 2023, the vaccine has been given to 1.5 million children living in areas with moderate-to-high malaria transmission. It requires at least three doses in infants by age 2, and a fourth dose extends the protection for another 1–2 years. The vaccine reduces hospital admissions from severe malaria by around 30%. Research continues with other malaria vaccines. The most effective malaria vaccine is the R21/Matrix-M, with a 77% efficacy rate shown in initial trials and significantly higher antibody levels than with the RTS,S vaccine. It is the first vaccine that meets the World Health Organization's (WHO) goal of a malaria vaccine with at least 75% efficacy, and only the second malaria vaccine to be recommended by the WHO. In April 2023, Ghana's Food and Drugs Authority approved the use of the R21 vaccine for use in children aged between five months and three years old. Following Ghana's decision, Nigeria provisionally approved the R21 vaccine. The malaria vaccine is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Web Search Results

• Vaccination: Campaigns, Equity, & Access

  Today’s vaccines can protect against 26 potentially deadly infections. Of these, 11 are considered essential childhood vaccines that should be given according to a defined schedule during routine primary care, starting from infancy and extending into early childhood. Others, such as the meningitis and cholera vaccines, are used in high-risk regions to protect people of all ages against outbreak diseases. As new vaccines are developed for other deadly childhood diseases, it’s crucial to add them into the basic vaccine package. But there are many challenges in getting these life-saving vaccines to all children that need them. ### [...] Traditionally, the routine immunizations recommended by the World Health Organization were: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, tuberculosis, measles, and polio. The past decade has seen new vaccines against hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza type B, meningitis, pneumonia, and diarrhea added to the recommended package. Vaccines also help prevent many diseases for which there are no specific drugs for treatment, such as measles, polio, rubella, hepatitis B, rabies, rotavirus, and HPV. ### Today’s vaccines can protect against 26 potentially deadly infections. Of these, 11 are considered essential childhood vaccines that should be given according to a defined schedule during routine primary care, starting from infancy and extending into early childhood. [...] A key aspect of vaccination is logistics—delivering large quantities of vaccine that often require refrigeration across great distances in hard-to-reach areas of low-resource settings without electricity. In 2016 in the Central African Republic, MSF launched a mass multi-antigen vaccination campaign. MSF logistics teams used motorbikes and trucks to transport multiple essential childhood vaccines in coolers to regions all over the country, many without drivable roads. Each morning during the campaign, 370 logistics and medical staff members grouped into 17 teams that traveled for hours, fully equipped with all necessary supplies to bring children in the most inaccessible areas up-to-date with their vaccines. In total, more than one million vaccine doses were administered to children under

• Essential Programme on Immunization

  Governance + Governing bodies + World Health Assembly + Executive Board + Member States Portal Essential Programme on Immunization The Essential Programme on Immunization aims to strengthen vaccine programmes, supply, and delivery, and ensure universal access to all relevant vaccines for all populations across the life course. About ## Section navigation Implementation Integration Confidence and Demand Supply chain Training About Building on the momentum of the smallpox eradication effort, the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was launched in 1974 to ensure that all children, in all countries, benefited from life-saving vaccines. This programme has evolved into what is now commonly known as the Essential Programme on Immunization. [...] There are now 14 vaccines (antigens) recommended by WHO for the EPI programme. They are: Respiratory Syncytial Virus) (RSV), Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), Hepatitis B (HepB), polio, measles, rubella, pneumococcal disease , rotavirus (Rota), human papillomavirus (HPV), and COVID-19 (for adults). Committed to its goal of universal access to all relevant vaccines for all at risk, EPI continues to work in synergy with other public health programmes to control infectious diseases and achieve better health for all populations everywhere. 2024 marked 50 years since the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was initiated. In these 50 years alone, vaccines have saved the lives of 154 million people.) ## Publications [...] Today every country in the world has a national immunization programme and vaccines are viewed as one of the safest, most cost-effective, and successful public health interventions to prevent deaths and improve lives. Since the initial focus on protection against six childhood vaccine-preventable diseases ( Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, and measles) over four decades ago, the addition of new vaccines has increased the breadth of protection provided by immunization, to include vaccinations for protection of older children, adolescents and adults.

• What Vaccines are Recommended for You | Adult Vaccines

  Español ## Key points Getting vaccinated is one of the safest ways for you to protect your health. Vaccines help prevent getting and spreading serious diseases that could result in poor health, missed work, medical bills, and not being able to care for family. ## All adults need these routine vaccines Everyone should make sure they're up to date on these routine vaccines: COVID-19 vaccine Flu vaccine (influenza) Tdap vaccine (tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough) or Td vaccine (tetanus, diphtheria) ### You may need other vaccines, too Review the sections below to learn what other vaccines you may need based on: Age Life events, job, or travel Health conditions ### Recommended vaccine schedule for adults Recommended Vaccinations for Adults [...] If your CD4 count is 200 or greater: AIn addition to the vaccines listed above, you may need these vaccines: Chickenpox vaccine – recommended for all adults born in 1980 or later MMR vaccine – recommended for all adults born in 1957 or later ### Liver disease Vaccines are especially critical for people with health conditions such as liver disease. Getting vaccinated is one of the safest ways for you to protect your health, even if you are taking prescription medications for liver disease. Make sure you're up to date on these vaccines: Hepatitis A vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine ### Lung disease (Including Asthma or COPD) [...] Talk with your ob-gyn or midwife to find out which vaccines are recommended to help protect you and your baby. Learn more about Pregnancy and Vaccination. ### Healthcare workers Vaccines you needIf you work directly with patients or handle material that could spread infection, you should get appropriate vaccines to reduce the chance that you will get or spread vaccine-preventable diseases. All healthcare workers should make sure they're up to date on these vaccines: COVID-19 vaccine Chickenpox vaccine (varicella) Flu vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine Meningococcal vaccine – especially lab workers who work with Neisseria Meningitidis MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, and rubella) Tdap or Td ### International travelers

• Vaccines by Age

  #### COVID-19 vaccine CDC recommends an updated COVID-19 vaccine for most adults ages 18 years and older. #### Flu vaccine All adults need a seasonal flu vaccine every year. Flu vaccine is especially important for people with chronic health conditions and pregnant women. #### Hepatitis B vaccine The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all adults, age 19 through 59 years. #### MMR vaccine Adults who do not have presumptive evidence of immunity should get at least one dose of MMR vaccine. Students at post-high school educational institutions who do not have presumptive evidence of immunity need two doses of MMR vaccine, separated by at least 28 days. #### Td or Tdap vaccine [...] Measles Vaccination Learn about measles vaccine basics, who should get it, when to get it, and why it's important. Mumps Vaccination Learn about mumps vaccine basics, who should get it, when to get it, and why it's important. Rubella Vaccination Learn about rubella vaccine basics, who should get it, when to get it, and why it's important. Tetanus Vaccination Tetanus vaccination is recommended for people of all ages. Whooping Cough Vaccination CDC recommends whooping cough vaccination for people of all ages. ### All adults ages 27 to 49 years should make sure they’re up to date on the vaccines listed below. You may need other vaccines based on other factors, too. Talk with your doctor to learn which vaccines are recommended for you. #### COVID-19 vaccine [...] ### All adults ages 50 through 64 years should make sure they’re up to date on the vaccines listed below. You may need other vaccines based on other factors, too. Talk with your doctor to learn which vaccines are recommended for you. #### COVID-19 vaccine CDC recommends an updated COVID-19 vaccine for most adults ages 18 years and older. #### Flu vaccine All adults need a seasonal flu vaccine every year. Flu vaccine is especially important for people with chronic health conditions. #### Pneumococcal vaccine CDC recommends pneumococcal vaccination for all adults who never received a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and are age 50 years or older. #### Shingles vaccine

• The CDC Just Sidelined These Childhood Vaccines. Here's ... - NPR

  Vaccines against the three diseases, as well as those against respiratory syncytial virus, meningococcal disease, flu, and COVID, are now recommended only for children at high risk of serious illness or after "shared clinical decision-making," or consultation between doctors and parents. The CDC maintained its recommendations for 11 childhood vaccines: measles, mumps, and rubella; whooping cough, tetanus, and diphtheria; the bacterial disease known as Hib; pneumonia; polio; chickenpox; and human papillomavirus, or HPV. [...] "You could expect that any pediatrician is going to follow sound evidence and recommend that their patients be vaccinated," he said. The law protects providers who follow professional care guidelines, he said, and "RSV, meningococcal, and hepatitis remain serious health threats for children in this country." This story comes from NPR's health reporting partnership with KFF Health News, a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues. KFF Health News is one of the core operating programs at KFF, the independent source for health policy research, polling, and journalism. childhood vaccinations CDC rotavirus hepatitis B [...] toggle caption David Ryder/Getty Images The federal government has drastically scaled back the number of recommended childhood immunizations, sidelining six routine vaccines that have safeguarded millions from serious diseases, long-term disability, and death. This story was produced in partnership withKFF Health News. Just three of the six immunizations the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it will no longer routinely recommend — against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and rotavirus — have prevented nearly 2 million hospitalizations and more than 90,000 deaths in the past 30 years, according to the CDC's own publications.