War in Yemen

Extracted Attributes

• Start Date

  2014-09

• Conflict Type

  Multilateral Civil War

• Houthi Control

  Sanaa and most of former North Yemen

• UN Arms Embargo

  Imposed on Houthis since 2015

• Direct Fatalities

  Over 150,000 people

• Humanitarian Impact

  World's worst humanitarian crisis

• Proxy Conflict Between

  Iran and Saudi Arabia

• Primary Faction (Houthi)

  Supreme Political Council (led by Mahdi al-Mashat)

• Extremist Groups Operating

  Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), Islamic State

• Primary Faction (Pro-Government)

  Presidential Leadership Council (led by Rashad al-Alimi)

• Indirect Fatalities (Famine/Healthcare)

  Over 227,000 people

Timeline

• The civil war began when Houthi forces took over the capital city Sanaa. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2014-09

• The Houthi-led Supreme Revolutionary Committee declared a general mobilization to overthrow then-president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2015-03-21

• Houthi forces reached the outskirts of Aden, and President Hadi fled the country. Concurrently, a Saudi Arabia-led coalition launched military operations with airstrikes. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2015-03-25

• The Southern Transitional Council (STC) was formed. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2017

• STC forces captured Aden. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2018

• Mark Cuban criticized Donald Trump's handling of the War in Yemen, linking a 2020 oil production deal to subsequent inflation. (Source: Related Documents)

  2020

• A UN-brokered two-month nationwide truce began, allowing fuel imports into Houthi-held areas and some flights from Sanaa International Airport. (Source: Summary)

  2022-04-02

• The Hadi government was dissolved and replaced by the Presidential Leadership Council (PLC), which incorporated the Southern Transitional Council. (Source: Summary)

  2022-04-07

• The UN announced that the nationwide truce had been further extended by two months. (Source: Wikipedia)

  2022-06-02

• The six-month UN-brokered ceasefire officially lapsed, though hostility levels remained low. (Source: Web Search)

  2022-10

• The Wall Street Journal reported that Iran agreed to halt all military support to the Houthis as part of a Chinese-brokered Iran-Saudi rapprochement deal. (Source: Summary)

  2023-03

• Peace talks between Saudi and Houthi officials, mediated by Oman, resumed. (Source: Web Search)

  2023-04

• UN special envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, announced that the warring parties committed to steps towards a ceasefire. (Source: Summary)

  2023-12-23

Yemeni civil war (2014–present)

The Yemeni civil war (Arabic: الحرب الأهلية اليمنية, romanized: al-ḥarb al-ʾahlīyah al-yamanīyah) is an ongoing multilateral civil war that began in late 2014 mainly between the Rashad al-Alimi-led Presidential Leadership Council and the Mahdi al-Mashat-led Supreme Political Council, along with their supporters and allies. Both claim to constitute the official government of Yemen. The civil war began in September 2014 when Houthi forces took over the capital city Sanaa, which was followed by a rapid Houthi takeover of the government. On 21 March 2015, the Houthi-led Supreme Revolutionary Committee declared a general mobilization to overthrow then-president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and expand their control by driving into southern provinces. The Houthi offensive, allied with military forces loyal to former Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh, began fighting the next day in Lahij Governorate. By 25 March, Lahij fell to the Houthis and they reached the outskirts of Aden, the seat of power for Hadi's government. Hadi fled the country the same day. Concurrently, a coalition led by Saudi Arabia launched military operations by using air strikes and restored the former Yemeni government. Although there has been no direct intervention by the Iranian government in Yemen, the civil war is widely regarded as part of the Iran-Saudi proxy conflict. Houthi insurgents currently control the capital Sanaa and all of former North Yemen except for eastern Marib Governorate. After the formation of the Southern Transitional Council (STC) in 2017 and the subsequent capture of Aden by the STC forces in 2018, the pro-republican forces became fractured, with regular clashes between pro-Hadi forces backed by Saudi Arabia and southern separatists backed by the United Arab Emirates. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and the Islamic State have also carried out attacks against both factions, with AQAP controlling swathes of territory in the hinterlands, and along stretches of the coast. The UN brokered a two-month nationwide truce on 2 April 2022 between Yemen's warring parties, which allowed fuel imports into Houthi-held areas and some flights to operate from Sanaa International Airport to Jordan and Egypt. On 7 April 2022, the Hadi government was dissolved and the Presidential Leadership Council (PLC) took command of the Yemeni Republic, incorporating the Southern Transitional Council into its new government. The UN announced on 2 June 2022 that the nationwide truce had been further extended by two months. According to the UN, over 150,000 people have been killed in Yemen, as well as estimates of more than 227,000 dead as a result of an ongoing famine and lack of healthcare facilities due to the war. The Wall Street Journal reported in March 2023 that Iran agreed to halt all military support to the Houthis and abide by the UN arms embargo, as part of a Chinese-brokered Iran-Saudi rapprochement deal. The agreement is viewed as part of Saudi Arabian-led efforts to pressure the Houthi militants to end the conflict through negotiated settlement; with Saudi and U.S. officials describing the concomitant Iranian behaviour as a "litmus test" for the endurance of the Chinese-brokered détente. Since then, however, Iran has maintained military and logistical support to the Houthis. On 23 December 2023, Hans Grundberg, the UN special envoy for Yemen, announced that the warring parties committed to steps towards a ceasefire. The Saudi-led coalition's bombing of civilian areas has received condemnation from the international community. According to the Yemen Data Project, the bombing campaign has killed or injured an estimated 19,196 civilians as of March 2022. Houthi drone attacks targeting civilian areas in Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Southern Yemen have also attracted global condemnation; and the UN Security Council has imposed a global arms embargo on the Houthis since 2015. The United States has provided intelligence and logistical support for the Saudi Arabian-led campaign, and despite an earlier pledge to withdraw U.S. support for Saudi Arabia in Yemen, the Biden administration announced in 2022 the sale of weapons to the Saudi Arabian-led coalition.

Web Search Results

• Yemeni civil war (2014–present) - Wikipedia

  The Yemeni civil war (Arabic: الحرب الأهلية اليمنية, romanized:_al-ḥarb al-ʾahlīyah al-yamanīyah_) is an ongoing multilateral civil war that began in late 2014 mainly between the Rashad al-Alimi-led Presidential Leadership Council and the Mahdi al-Mashat-led Supreme Political Council, along with their supporters and allies. Both claim to constitute the official government of Yemen.( [...] The civil war began in September 2014 when Houthi forces took over the capital city Sanaa "Battle of Sanaa (2014)"), which was followed by a rapid Houthi takeover of the government. On 21 March 2015, the Houthi-led Supreme Revolutionary Committee declared a general mobilization to overthrow then-president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and expand their control by driving into southern provinces.( The Houthi offensive, allied with military forces loyal to former Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh, began [...] | v t e Internal conflicts in modernYemen | | --- | | Al-Waziri coup Yemeni–Adenese clan violence North Yemen civil war Aden Emergency First Yemenite War NDF Rebellion Second Yemenite War South Yemen civil war Yemeni civil war (1994) "Yemeni civil war (1994)") Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen Houthi insurgency South Yemen insurgency _Yemeni crisis_ Yemeni revolution Yemeni civil war (2014–present) |

• Yemen: A Brief Background | unfoundation.org

  Today: More than two and a half years later, Yemen’s war consists of several distinct but overlapping parts – Houthis vs. the Saudi-led coalition, Houthis against Yemeni Sunnis in places such as Ta’izz, a southern independence insurgency against both Houthi-controlled Sana’s and the Hadi government, an anti-terrorism campaign, and a Saudi-Iranian proxy war. With victory in any of these wars elusive, the losers are the Yemeni people enduring the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. [...] The world’s worst humanitarian crisis is unfolding in Yemen. Even before the current war, this desert nation on the edge of the Arabian peninsula, home to 28 million people, was already the poorest country in the Arab world. It wasn’t always that way, but Yemen’s complex history can help us understand the current conflict. Here’s a brief timeline showing how events and pressures have combined to devastating effect. Early History

• The Saudi-led War in Yemen: Frequently Asked Questions

  For nearly seven years, Saudi Arabia has imposed an air and sea blockade on Yemen that has restricted the flow of vital commercial and humanitarian goods into the country. The United Nations estimated that by the end of 2021, the war in Yemen led to the deaths of at least 377,000 Yemenis and pushed over 16 million Yemenis to the edge of famine. Over 60% of the deaths were due to disruptions in access to food, water, and medicine. Brookings Institution Senior Fellow Bruce Riedel has described [...] The Saudi-led coalition’s war on Yemen has received almost unwavering military support and weapons sales from the United States, UK, France, and other Western countries. In 2015, the Obama administration accommodated Saudi Arabia’s request for military backing of the coalition’s war on Yemen. Such backing included targeting assistance and logistical support for coalition airstrikes, midair refueling for Saudi warplanes, spare parts transfers, and billions of dollars in weapons sales. [...] The Yemen war served the political ambitions of then Saudi Defense Minister, and now crown prince, Mohammad bin Salman, who used the conflict to gain national recognition and consolidate power. Lastly, control over Yemen would allow Saudi Arabia to construct an oil pipeline from its southern border through Yemen’s eastern province, Al Mahra, into the Indian Ocean. The pipeline would ease Saudi Arabia’s dependence on shipping oil through the Strait of Hormuz, which borders Iran.

• Conflict in Yemen and the Red Sea | Global Conflict Tracker

  Yemen’s civil war began in 2014 when Houthi insurgents—Shiite rebels with links to Iran and a history of rising up against the Sunni government—took controlof Yemen’s capital and largest city, Sanaa,demandinglower fuel prices and a new government. Following failed negotiations, the rebelsseizedthe presidential palace in January 2015, leading President Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi and his government toresign. Beginning in March 2015, a coalition of Gulf states led by Saudi Arabialauncheda campaign of [...] In February 2021, Houthi rebelslaunchedan offensive to seize Marib, the last stronghold of Yemen’s internationally recognized government, and in early March, Houthi rebels conductedmissile air strikesin Saudi Arabia, including targeting oil tankers and facilities and international airports. The Saudi-led coalitionrespondedto the increase in attacks with air strikes targeting Sanaa. The offensive was the deadliest clash since 2018,killing hundredsof fighters andcomplicatingpeace processes. [...] Though a six-monthUN-brokeredcease-fire officially lapsed in October 2022, both sides have since refrained from major escalatory actions and hostility levels remain low.Peace talks between Saudi and Houthi officials, mediated by Oman,resumedin April 2023, accompanying ongoing UN mediation efforts. However, concrete progress remains elusive, and the first official Houthi visit to the Saudi capital since the war began, on September 14, yielded nothing beyond optimistic statements. The discussions

• Yemen crisis explained - ShelterBox

  Since 2014, civil war between Yemen’s government and the Houthi movement has devastated the country. Over 18 million people – more than half the population – need support, including 4.5 million people who have been displaced. Many families have been forced to move again and again, relying on aid just to survive. A brief truce in 2022 brought hope, but it only lasted six months. Fighting now continues, making it impossible for many to return home. [...] Yemen is a country in West Asia, found in the southwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula. The land is mostly made up of mountains and dry areas. Why is there a war in Yemen? ---------------------------- Since 2004, The Houthi movement has been leading an insurgency against the military in Yemen. The movement is known officially as Ansar Allah. In 2014, tensions between Houthis and government forces escalated into outright civil war. [...] Since the offensives of 2015-16, there has been a political stalemate. This has been punctuated by failed ceasefires and collapsing alliances. As a result, the UN released a bleak report in 2018 calling this ‘the worst humanitarian crisis in the world’. It said that war crimes had been committed on all sides. In the same year, the UN negotiated theStockholm Agreement between the Yemen Government and Houthis. It was a desperate bid to protect the vital port of Hudaydah from further fighting.