Starliner

Technology

Boeing's crew capsule program which suffered a major failure, leading to it being effectively shut down after stranding astronauts in space.


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7/22/2025, 7:25:25 AM

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7/22/2025, 8:03:43 AM

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7/22/2025, 8:03:43 AM

Summary

The Boeing Starliner, officially designated CST-100, is a spacecraft developed by Boeing under NASA's Commercial Crew Program, designed to transport astronauts to and from the International Space Station and other low-Earth-orbit destinations. It features a reusable crew capsule capable of up to ten reuses and an expendable service module, launching on an Atlas V N22 rocket. While designed to carry up to seven astronauts, NASA missions are planned for four. Despite a $4.2 billion fixed-price contract from NASA in 2014, the program has faced significant delays and cost overruns, exceeding its budget by at least $2 billion by February 2025. Initial uncrewed tests, including the December 2019 Orbital Flight Test, encountered issues, leading to a second successful uncrewed flight in May 2022. A critical Crew Flight Test in June 2024 experienced thruster malfunctions during its approach to the ISS, resulting in NASA's decision to return the spacecraft uncrewed in September 2024, deeming it too risky for astronauts. A fictionalized account from March 2025 further highlighted a "Boeing Starliner failure" necessitating a "SpaceX Rescue Mission," underscoring the challenges and competitive landscape in the space industry.

Referenced in 1 Document
Research Data
Extracted Attributes
  • Design

    Reusable crew capsule, expendable service module

  • Program

    NASA's Commercial Crew Program (CCP)

  • Developer

    Boeing

  • Heat Shield

    Boeing Lightweight Ablator

  • Launch Site

    Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 41, Florida, United States

  • Contract Type

    Fixed-price contract

  • Docking System

    NASA Docking System

  • Landing Method

    Ground landing with parachutes and airbags

  • Launch Vehicle

    Atlas V N22 rocket

  • Primary Purpose

    Transport crew to/from International Space Station (ISS) and other low-Earth-orbit destinations

  • Alternative Name

    CST-100

  • Number of Engines

    64

  • Capsule Reusability

    Up to 10 times

  • NASA Contract Value

    US$4.2 billion

  • Crew Capacity (Design)

    Up to seven astronauts

  • Docking Duration to ISS

    Up to seven months

  • Cost Overrun (by Feb 2025)

    At least $2 billion

  • Original Operational Target

    2017

  • Crew Capacity (NASA Missions)

    Up to four astronauts

  • Propulsion System Manufacturer

    Aerojet Rocketdyne

Timeline
  • NASA awarded Boeing a US$4.2 billion fixed-price contract to develop and operate Starliner. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2014-XX-XX

  • Starliner was originally planned to be operational. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2017-XX-XX

  • First uncrewed Orbital Flight Test (OFT-1) conducted, deemed a partial failure. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2019-12-XX

  • Second Orbital Flight Test (OFT-2) conducted. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2022-05-XX

  • Crew Flight Test (CFT) launched, with thruster malfunctions occurring during approach to the ISS. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2024-06-05

  • Starliner landed uncrewed after NASA deemed it too risky to return astronauts aboard the spacecraft. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2024-09-XX

  • Boeing's Starliner effort exceeded its budget by at least $2 billion. (Source: Wikipedia)

    2025-02-XX

  • A fictionalized account mentions a "SpaceX Rescue Mission" that saved astronauts stranded by a "Boeing Starliner failure." (Source: Related Documents)

    2025-03-XX

Boeing Starliner

The Boeing Starliner (or CST-100) is a spacecraft designed to transport crew to and from the International Space Station (ISS) and other low-Earth-orbit destinations. Developed by Boeing under NASA's Commercial Crew Program (CCP), it consists of a reusable crew capsule and an expendable service module. Slightly larger than the Apollo command module or SpaceX Crew Dragon, but smaller than the Orion capsule, the Starliner can accommodate a crew of up to seven, though NASA plans to fly no more than four. It can remain docked to the ISS for up to seven months and is launched on an Atlas V N22 rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 41 in Florida. In 2014, NASA awarded Boeing a US$4.2 billion fixed-price contract to develop and operate Starliner, while SpaceX received $2.6 billion to develop and operate Crew Dragon. By February 2025, Boeing's effort had exceeded its budget by at least $2 billion. Originally planned to be operational in 2017, Starliner has been repeatedly delayed by problems in management and engineering. The first uncrewed Orbital Flight Test in December 2019 was deemed a partial failure, leading to a second Orbital Flight Test in May 2022. During the Crew Flight Test, launched in June 2024, the Starliner's thrusters malfunctioned on approach to the ISS and NASA concluded that it was too risky to return its astronauts to Earth aboard the spacecraft, which landed uncrewed in September 2024.

Web Search Results
  • CST-100 Starliner - Boeing

    The Boeing Company logo Starliner in space # CST-100 Starliner The Starliner is a next-generation space capsule that will take people to and from low-Earth orbit. # A 21st Century Space Capsule [...] Boeing's Crew Space Transportation (CST)-100 Starliner spacecraft is being developed in collaboration with NASA's Commercial Crew Program. The Starliner was designed to accommodate seven passengers, or a mix of crew and cargo, for missions to low-Earth orbit. For NASA service missions to the International Space Station, it will carry up to four NASA-sponsored crew members and time-critical scientific research. The Starliner has an innovative, weldless structure and is reusable up to 10 times [...] # Customers The Starliner is setting the foundation for commercial passenger spaceflight services to and from low-Earth orbit. NASA is Boeing's anchor customer for the Starliner, beginning with missions to the International Space Station carrying NASA and NASA-sponsored crew members. Flag of United States # Quick Facts # Wallpaper Downloads Terms and Conditions of Image Use ### Applying Wallpaper: Starliner Wallpaper #### Full-screen download sizes:

  • CST-100 Starliner | L3Harris® Fast. Forward.

    Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft is a next-generation space capsule designed to carry humans and scientific research to and from low-Earth orbit, including the International Space Station. The spacecraft, developed under Boeing’s Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contract with NASA, is designed to launch atop an expendable rocket – initially, the United Launch Alliance Atlas V. It was designed to carry a crew of up to seven astronauts or a mix of crew and cargo. [...] CST-100 Starliner Aug. 22, 2019 - Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft brings astronauts to the International Space Station. (Credit: NASA) ## Overview Starliner Infographic ## Key Features Reusability: The Starliner will land on the ground with the aid of parachutes and airbags rather than in the water, enabling the craft to be used up to 10 times. Autonomy:The Starliner is designed for autonomous operations, reducing the training necessary for space station-bound astronaut crews. [...] Starliner Image 6 Nov. 21, 2019 - The Boeing CST-100 Starliner spacecraft rolls out from the company’s Commercial Crew and Cargo Processing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. (Credit: Boeing) Starliner Image 7 CST-100 Crew Module Thrusters Processing and Installation at Boeing’s facility at Kennedy Space Center. Starliner Image 8 CST-100 Crew Module Thrusters Processing and Installation at Boeing’s facility at Kennedy Space Center. Starliner Replacement Image

  • Boeing Starliner - Wikipedia

    The spacecraft consists of a reusable capsule and an expendable service module and is designed for missions to low Earth orbit. The capsule accommodates seven passengers, or a mix of crew and cargo. For NASA missions to the ISS it will carry four passengers and a small amount of cargo. The Starliner capsule uses a weldless, spun-formed structure and is reusable up to ten times with a six-month turnaround time. Boeing plans to alternate between two reusable crew modules for all planned Starliner [...] Starliner uses the NASA Docking System. Boeing modified the Starliner design prior to OFT-2, adding a hinged re-entry cover below its expendable nosecone for additional protection of the docking port during atmospheric entry. This was tested on the OFT-2 mission. By contrast, the reusable SpaceX Dragon 2 nosecone is hinged and protects its docking port during both launch and reentry. The capsule uses the Boeing Lightweight Ablator for its re-entry heat shield. [...] The spacecraft's propulsion system is produced by Aerojet Rocketdyne and consists of 64 engines:

  • Space Launch, Human Flight & Space Landing Capsule - Boeing

    Coming back to Earth can be even more difficult than getting to space. Reentry and landing is a crucible of high speeds, temperatures, aerodynamic stresses and G-forces. Starliner is built not just to weather those conditions, but to conquer them. As the landing sequence progresses, heat shields jettison, parachutes deploy and airbags inflate, eventually ending in a first for an American orbital capsule: a safe landing on solid ground. Starliner made history in December 2019 by being the first [...] Starliner Logo # Building your Future in Spaceflight WATCH THE RETURN OF STARLINER # UP NEXT: Data Reviews Boeing’s Starliner made its first voyage with astronauts to the International Space Station on June 5, 2024, during its Crew Flight Test. The flight test was a milestone on the path to NASA certification for long-duration missions. Flight data is currently being reviewed while the next steps for the program are being determined. real-time mission updates ### Phase 01 ## Pre-Launch

  • NASA Decides to Bring Starliner Spacecraft Back to Earth Without ...

    Starliner is designed to operate autonomously and previously completed two uncrewed flights. NASA and Boeing will work together to adjust end-of-mission planning and Starliner’s systems to set up for the uncrewed return in the coming weeks. Starliner must return to Earth before the Crew-9 mission launches to ensure a docking port is available on station. [...] “Starliner is a very capable spacecraft and, ultimately, this comes down to needing a higher level of certainty to perform a crewed return,” said Steve Stich, manager of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program. “The NASA and Boeing teams have completed a tremendous amount of testing and analysis, and this flight test is providing critical information on Starliner’s performance in space. Our efforts will help prepare for the uncrewed return and will greatly benefit future corrective actions for the

Location Data

Starliner Drive, Charlotte Park, Nashville, Davidson County, Middle Tennessee, Tennessee, 37209, United States

residential

Coordinates: 36.1474888, -86.8835728

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