Venezuela

Extracted Attributes

• Area

  916,445 km²

• Borders

  Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean (north), Colombia (west), Brazil (south), Trinidad and Tobago (north-east), Guyana (east)

• Capital

  Caracas

• Location

  Northern coast of South America, continental landmass and Caribbean islands

• Corruption

  Widespread corruption, high levels of perceived corruption

• Official Name

  Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

• Civil Liberties

  Ranks poorly, Not Free

• Economic Status

  Developing country

• Freedom of Press

  Ranks poorly

• Political System

  Federal presidential republic (officially), authoritarian state (de facto)

• Natural Resources

  World's largest known oil reserves, huge quantities of coal, iron ore, bauxite, gold

• Disputed Territory

  Guayana Esequiba (claimed against Guyana)

• Geographic Coordinates

  8.0° N, 67.0° W

• Population (2022 estimate)

  29 million

• Human Development Index Rank

  113th

Timeline

• Territory was colonized by Spain. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia)

  1522-XX-XX

• Became one of the first Spanish-American territories to declare independence from Spain. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia, Wikidata)

  1811-07-05

• Separated as a full sovereign country from Gran Colombia. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia, BBC News)

  1830-XX-XX

• Under ruler Antonio Guzman Blanco, foreign investment was attracted, infrastructure modernized, and agriculture and education developed. (Source: BBC News)

  1870-XX-XX

• Venezuela lays claims to two-thirds of Guyana west of the Essequibo river. (Source: BBC News)

  1889-XX-XX

• International arbitration rules in favor of Guyana regarding the Essequibo claim. (Source: BBC News)

  1899-XX-XX

• Under dictator Juan Vicente Gomez, Venezuela becomes the world's largest oil exporter. (Source: BBC News)

  1908-XX-XX

• Began a period of democratic governments and economic prosperity. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia)

  1958-XX-XX

• First presidential handover from one civilian to another takes place when Raul Leoni is elected president. (Source: BBC News)

  1964-XX-XX

• Benefits from an oil boom, its currency peaks against the US dollar; oil and steel industries are nationalized. (Source: BBC News)

  1973-XX-XX

• Carlos Andres Perez elected president amid economic depression, launches austerity program with IMF loan, leading to Caracazo riots, martial law, and a general strike. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia, BBC News)

  1989-XX-XX

• Two attempted coups occur amidst political crises and social unrest. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  1992-XX-XX

• A president is impeached for embezzlement of public funds charges. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  1993-XX-XX

• The Venezuelan presidential election serves as the catalyst for the Bolivarian Revolution. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  1998-XX-XX

• The Bolivarian Revolution is initiated, beginning with a Constituent Assembly and the imposition of a new Constitution. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  1999-XX-XX

• Poverty began to rapidly increase after an initial period of social spending and reduced inequality. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  2010-XX-XX

• The Venezuelan presidential election is widely disputed, triggering a nationwide crisis that continues to this day. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  2013-XX-XX

• Venezuela is declared to be in default regarding debt payments by credit rating agencies. (Source: Wikipedia, DBPedia)

  2017-XX-XX

• Estimated that over 7.9 million people had fled the country due to the humanitarian crisis. (Source: Summary, Wikipedia)

  2025-05-XX

• María Corina Machado, after being disqualified, backed Edmundo González in a recent election, but the regime-controlled National Electoral Council declared Maduro the winner through alleged election fraud. (Source: Related Document)

  XXXX-XX-XX

Venezuela

Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of 916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi), and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. Venezuela consists of 23 states, the Capital District, and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north and in the capital. The territory of Venezuela was colonized by Spain in 1522, amid resistance from Indigenous peoples. In 1811, it became one of the first Spanish-American territories to declare independence from the Spanish and to form part of the first federal Republic of Colombia (Gran Colombia). It separated as a full sovereign country in 1830. During the 19th century, Venezuela suffered political turmoil and autocracy, remaining dominated by regional military dictators until the mid-20th century. From 1958, the country had a series of democratic governments, as an exception where most of the region was ruled by military dictatorships, and the period was characterized by economic prosperity. Economic shocks in the 1980s and 1990s led to major political crises and widespread social unrest, including the deadly Caracazo riots of 1989, two attempted coups in 1992, and the impeachment of a president for embezzlement of public funds charges in 1993. The collapse in confidence in the existing parties saw the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election, the catalyst for the Bolivarian Revolution, which began with a 1999 Constituent Assembly, where a new Constitution of Venezuela was imposed. The government's populist social welfare policies were bolstered by soaring oil prices, temporarily increasing social spending, and reducing economic inequality and poverty in the early years of the regime. However, poverty began to rapidly increase in the 2010s. The 2013 Venezuelan presidential election was widely disputed leading to widespread protest, which triggered another nationwide crisis that continues to this day. Venezuela is officially a federal presidential republic, but has experienced democratic backsliding under the Chávez and Maduro administrations, shifting into an authoritarian state. It ranks poorly on international measurements of freedom of the press, civil liberties, and control of corruption. Venezuela is a developing country, has the world's largest known oil reserves, and has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. Previously, the country was an underdeveloped exporter of agricultural commodities such as coffee and cocoa, but oil quickly came to dominate exports and government revenues. Venezuela struggles with record hyperinflation, shortages of basic goods, unemployment, poverty, disease, high child mortality, malnutrition, environmental issues, severe crime, and widespread corruption. US sanctions and the seizure of Venezuelan assets overseas have cost the country $24–30 billion. These factors have precipitated the Venezuelan refugee crisis in which more than 7.9 million people had fled the country by May 2025. By 2017, Venezuela was declared to be in default regarding debt payments by credit rating agencies. The crisis in Venezuela has contributed to a rapidly deteriorating human rights situation.

Web Search Results

• Venezuela - Wikipedia

  Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of 916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi), and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, [...] Venezuela is located in the north of South America. Geologically, its mainland rests on the South American Plate. It has a total area of 916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi) and a land area of 882,050 km2 (340,560 sq mi), making Venezuela the 33rd largest country in the world. The territory it controls lies between latitudes 0° and 16°N and longitudes 59° and 74°W. [...] Venezuela is officially a federal presidential republic, but has experienced democratic backsliding under the Chávez and Maduro administrations, shifting into an authoritarian state. It ranks poorly on international measurements of freedom of the press, civil liberties, and control of corruption. Venezuela is a developing country, has the world's largest known oil reserves, and has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. Previously, the country was an underdeveloped exporter of

• Venezuela | Economy, Map, Capital, Collapse, & Facts | Britannica

  Venezuela, country located at the northern end of South America. It occupies a roughly triangular area that is larger than the combined areas of France and Germany. Venezuela is bounded by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the southwest and west. The national capital, Caracas, is Venezuela’s primary centre of industry, commerce, education, and tourism. [...] A physiographically diverse country, Venezuela incorporates the northern Andean mountain chains and interior highlands, the main portions of the Orinoco River basin with its expansive Llanos (plains), Lake Maracaibo, which is the largest lake in South America, and the spectacular Angel Falls, the world’s highest waterfall. The republic’s development pattern has been unique among Latin American countries in terms of the speed, sequence, and timing of economic and demographic growth. In the 20th [...] Venezuela administers a number of Caribbean islands and archipelagos, among which are Margarita Island, La Blanquilla, La Tortuga, Los Roques, and Los Monjes. Since the early 19th century Venezuela has claimed jurisdiction over Guyanese territory west of the Essequibo River totaling some 53,000 square miles (137,000 square km)—nearly two-thirds of the land area of Guyana. Venezuela also has had a long dispute with Colombia over the delimitation of maritime boundaries in the Gulf of Venezuela

• Venezuela country profile - BBC News

  BBC News # Venezuela country profile Share page About sharing This page is no longer being updated. It was last updated on 9 September 2024 Venezuela is one of the most highly-urbanised countries in Latin America. It has some of the world's largest proven oil deposits as well as huge quantities of coal, iron ore, bauxite and gold. It has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil but the country experienced poor economic management in the early decades of the 21st Century. [...] 1829-30 - Venezuela secedes from Gran Colombia. 1870-88 - Ruler Antonio Guzman Blanco attracts foreign investment, modernises infrastructure and develops agriculture and education. 1889 - Venezuela lays claims to two-thirds of Guyana west of the Essequibo river, but international arbitration rules in favour of Guyana in 1899. 1908-35 - Under dictator Juan Vicente Gomez, Venezuela becomes world's largest oil exporter. [...] 1964 - Venezuela's first presidential handover from one civilian to another takes place when Raul Leoni is elected president. 1973 - Venezuela benefits from oil boom and its currency peaks against the US dollar; oil and steel industries nationalised. 1989 - Carlos Andres Perez elected president amid economic depression, launches austerity programme with IMF loan. Riots, martial law and general strike follow, with hundreds killed in street violence.

• Venezuela: Country Profile | Freedom House

  | | | --- | | PR Political Rights | 0 40 | | CL Civil Liberties | 13 60 | Last Year's Score & Status 15 100 Not Free A country or territory’s Freedom in the World status depends on its aggregate Political Rights score, on a scale of 0–40, and its aggregate Civil Liberties score, on a scale of 0–60. See the methodology. #### Overview [...] Venezuela’s democratic institutions have been deteriorating since 1999, but conditions have grown sharply worse in recent years due to harsher government crackdowns on the opposition and the ruling party’s use of thoroughly flawed elections to seize full control of state institutions. The authorities have closed off virtually all channels for political dissent, restricting civil liberties and prosecuting perceived opponents without regard for due process. Although the country’s economy has [...] Venezuela’s democratic institutions have been deteriorating since 1999, but conditions have grown sharply worse in recent years due to harsher government crackdowns on the opposition and the ruling party’s use of thoroughly flawed elections to seize full control of state institutions. The authorities have closed off virtually all channels for political dissent, restricting civil liberties and prosecuting perceived opponents without regard for due process. Although the country’s economy has

• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Country Profile - UNESCO

  Of the nine Framework's domains, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), located in the Latin America and the Caribbean region, scores highest in Skills And Values & Social Cohesion. Learn more about the factors which enable intercultural dialogue in this country through the data below. Framework for Enabling Intercultural Dialogue Country score World average Freedom of expression [...] Having access to information about different cultures is essential to engage in effective intercultural exchange. Legislative rights and structural policy conditions are essential to protect and enhance free speech, human rights and pluralism, so minority groups have equal opportunities to express their identity. Media can play an important role by raising awareness of minority groups’ stories – for journalists as well as the audience – and can broadcast in minority languages. [...] Skip to main content UNESCO Search Shareforward © UN Photo Intercultural Dialogue Home Country Profiles Back to the list: apps # Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Country Profile The UNESCO Framework for Enabling Intercultural Dialogue is an integrated approach for monitoring the strength of the structures, processes, values, and skills which make intercultural dialogue effective as a tool for advancing peace and inclusion in 160 countries.

• Image

  

• Country

  Venezuela

• Instance Of

  Q6256

• Population

  28,515,829

• Coordinates

  Lat: 8.0, Lon: -67.0

• Inception Date

  7/5/1811

Venezuela (/ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə/; American Spanish: [beneˈswela]), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish: República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It has a territorial extension of 916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi), and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. The Venezuelan government maintains a claim against Guyana to Guayana Esequiba. Venezuela is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states, the Capital District and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north and in the capital. The territory of Venezuela was colonized by Spain in 1522 amid resistance from indigenous peoples. In 1811, it became one of the first Spanish-American territories to declare independence from the Spanish and to form part, as a department, of the first federal Republic of Colombia (historiographically known as Gran Colombia). It separated as a full sovereign country in 1830. During the 19th century, Venezuela suffered political turmoil and autocracy, remaining dominated by regional military dictators until the mid-20th century. Since 1958, the country has had a series of democratic governments, as an exception where most of the region was ruled by military dictatorships, and the period was characterized by economic prosperity. Economic shocks in the 1980s and 1990s led to major political crises and widespread social unrest, including the deadly Caracazo riots of 1989, two attempted coups in 1992, and the impeachment of a President for embezzlement of public funds charges in 1993. The collapse in confidence in the existing parties saw the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election, the catalyst for the Bolivarian Revolution, which began with a 1999 Constituent Assembly, where a new Constitution of Venezuela was imposed. The government's populist social welfare policies were bolstered by soaring oil prices, temporarily increasing social spending, and reducing economic inequality and poverty in the early years of the regime. However, poverty began to increase in the 2010s. The 2013 Venezuelan presidential election was widely disputed leading to widespread protest, which triggered another nationwide crisis that continues to this day. Venezuela has experienced democratic backsliding, shifting into an authoritarian state. It ranks low in international measurements of freedom of the press and civil liberties and has high levels of perceived corruption. Venezuela is a developing country and ranks 113th on the Human Development Index. It has the world's largest known oil reserves and has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. Previously, the country was an underdeveloped exporter of agricultural commodities such as coffee and cocoa, but oil quickly came to dominate exports and government revenues. The excesses and poor policies of the incumbent government led to the collapse of Venezuela's entire economy. The country struggles with record hyperinflation, shortages of basic goods, unemployment, poverty, disease, high child mortality, malnutrition, severe crime and corruption. These factors have precipitated the Venezuelan migrant crisis where more than three million people have fled the country. By 2017, Venezuela was declared to be in default regarding debt payments by credit rating agencies. The crisis in Venezuela has contributed to a rapidly deteriorating human rights situation, including increased abuses such as torture, arbitrary imprisonment, extrajudicial killings and attacks on human rights advocates. Venezuela is a charter member of the UN, Organization of American States (OAS), Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), ALBA, Mercosur, Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) and Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI).